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Pancreatitis

Pancreatitis. NW. What is the Pancreas?. The pancreas is a large gland that sits behind your stomach It is both an exocrine and endocrine gland Secretes digestive enzymes through your small intestine (exocrine) Helps you body digest carbs, proteins and fats

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Pancreatitis

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  1. Pancreatitis NW

  2. What is the Pancreas? • The pancreas is a large gland that sits behind your stomach • It is both an exocrine and endocrine gland • Secretes digestive enzymes through your small intestine (exocrine) • Helps you body digest carbs, proteins and fats • Also secretes hormones, such as insulin (endocrine) • Hormones regulate blood sugar levels

  3. What is Pancreatitis? • Pancreatitis is a disease, in which your pancreas gets inflamed • Inflammation occurs because of digestive enzymes attacking and damaging the pancreas • Enzymes attack the pancreas because of blockage in the pancreatic duct • There are two forms of pancreatitis- Acute and Chronic • Both acute and chronic pancreatitis occur more often in men than women

  4. What is Pancreatitis? • Acute Pancreatitis- inflammation that occurs suddenly and heals after a few days • can occur in as little as a few hours and as long as 2 days • Chronic Pancreatitis- inflammation that does not resolve and is sometimes hereditary

  5. What is Pancreatitis? • In some severe cases, acute pancreatitis can lead to chronic pancreatitis if there is damage to the pancreatic duct • One million Canadians are affected by Pancreatitis; 300,000 Canadians are affected by chronic pancreatitis, and more than 600,000 Canadians are affected by acute pancreatitis

  6. Causes • Gallstones- when gallstones lodge into the bile duct they back up the pancreatic enzymes • Heavy alcohol usage- there is no known reason why alcohol is toxic to the pancreas • 85% of pancreatitis patients have the condition because of gallstone or the intake excessive alcohol

  7. Causes • Trauma to the abdomen • Side effect from prescribed drugs (such as the 5-ASA Agents) • Chronic drug use • Previous surgery • Sometimes it is unexplained

  8. Causes • Cystic Fibrosis- 13-37% of pancreatitis patients have a mutation in the gene responsible for Cystic Fibrosis

  9. Symptoms/Effects • Jaundice- yellowish colouring to skin or whites of the eyes • Worse if you eat • Clay coloured stools • Fatty Stools • Sweating • Fever/Chills • Extreme pain in the Upper Abdomen Picture of women with jaundice

  10. Symptoms/Effects • Nausea and Vomiting • Malabsorption- inability to eat (pancreatic enzymes are not secreting enough to break down food and absorb nutrients) • Weight loss • Could lead to the infection of other organs • Permanent tissue damage is possible • In severe cases diabetes can occur (endocrine damage)

  11. Diagnosis • Sometimes is it hard for doctors to distinguish apart acute and chronic pancreatitis at first • The doctor will first ask you for the symptoms and how much alcohol you drink • They will also take tests- blood test, urine test, x rays of your chest and abdomen • Then to make certain- CT Scan and/or ultrasound CT Scan of Pancreatitis

  12. Treatment • The goal for treatment is to, bind bile in the gut, improve fat absorption, and replace digestive enzymes and unabsorbed nutrients • Usually with acute pancreatitis only a few days at the hospital is needed • Painkillers are given to help with abdominal pain • Antibiotics, if signs of infections show

  13. Treatment • Surgery- if infections, cysts or bleeding occur and to remove gallstones, dead tissue or repair bile duct • Lifestyle changes are needed- abstaining from alcohol, quitting smoking, low fat diet, limiting caffeine, diluting sugary drinks • The fifth most expensive digestive diseases cared for in Canada are acute pancreas diseases, costing about $120 million a year

  14. Future Outlook • After gallstones are removed the pancreas usually goes back to normal, usually gets better on its own • But if the patient continues to drink excessive amounts of alcohol, chronic pancreatitis can develop • There is currently no cure for chronic pancreatitis • Once pancreas is damaged, it cannot go back to normal • Only half of patients with chronic pancreatitis live past 7 years from diagnosis

  15. References • Yoshida, C. M., & Kotz, D. (2004). No More Digestive Problems. New York, NY: Bantam Dell. • National Digestive Disease Clearinghouse. (2001). Pancreatitis. In Pamphlet by: National Digestive Clearing House. Retrieved November 10, 2011, from Gale Cengage Learning database. • Sierpina, V. S., MD. (2010). Biochemical Factories Gone Amok: Liver and Pancreas. In The Healthy Gut Workbook (pp. 115-119). Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publication.

  16. References • Gale Cengage Learning. (2007, May 15). Acute pancreatitis. In Health & Wellness Resource Center. Retrieved from Gale Cengage Learning database. • Mckesson Health Solutions. (2010, February 1). Acute pancreatitis. In Health & Wellness Resource Center. Retrieved from Gale Cengage Learning database. • Book Builders LLC. (2011). Pancreatitis. In Health Matters (pp. 123-124). Danbury, CT: Grolier Education.

  17. Reference • Ogilvie, A., Dr. (2011, December 2). Is chronic pancreatitis dangerous? In Chronic Pancreatitis. Retrieved from Net Doctor website: http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/diseases/facts/chronicpancreatitis.htm • What is pancreatitis? (2008, July). Pancreatitis. Retrieved from National Institute of Diabetes and • Digestive Kidney Disease, National Institute of Health website: http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/pancreatitis/ • NIH Publication. (2008, July). What causes gallstones? In Gallstones. Retrieved from National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases website: http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/gallstones/

  18. Reference • Cystic Fibrosis Canada. (2010, July 14). Pancreatitis. In About Cystic Fibrosis. Retrieved from http://www.cysticfibrosis.ca/en/aboutCysticFibrosis/Pancreatitis.php • Canadian Digestive Health Foundation. (2011). Overview. In Pancreatitis. Retrieved from http://www.cdhf.ca/digestive-disorders/pancreatitis.shtml

  19. Reference • http://www.top5plus5.com/Gallstone%20Pancreatitis.html • http://www.medicalook.com/Lung_diseases/Cystic_fibrosis.html • http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/Jaundice.htm • http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/images/ency/fullsize/1157.jpg • http://www.naturalremedies.org/nausea/ • http://littleaboutall.com/health/20-facts-to-know-about-antibiotics • http://www.glowimages.com/search/No%C2%A0drinking%C2%A0sign.html

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