CHALLENGE POVERTY WEEK 7-13 October 2019 Lesson plan: Secondary

1. CHALLENGE POVERTY WEEK7-13 October 2019Lesson plan: Secondary

2. Activity 1: What is Poverty? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3GDxEYl6Qg (From beginning Dumfries and 32:45 Aberdeen for more pupil POV. Full documentary is 1hr.) Think – Pair – share Watch a portion of the video and discuss what it means to be ‘below the breadline’. Think-Pair-Share with a partner about the various financial, physical and emotional challenges that the families face.

3. What is poverty? Poverty means not being able to make ends meet. Not being able to heat your home, pay your rent or buy essentials. It means waking up every day facing insecurity, uncertainty and impossible decisions about money. How is poverty measured? The measure used by the Scottish and UK Governments is Households below the average income (HBAI). You are considered to be living in poverty if your household income is less than 60% of the median household income.

4. Extent of Poverty 1 million people in Scotland are living in the grip of poverty. 1 in 4 children (240,000) are locked in poverty in Scotland. Young people being brought up in poverty are more likely to suffer poor physical health, struggle at school and have a higher chance of experiencing unemployment and poverty in later life. 140,000 pensioners live in poverty in Scotland. This means they face decisions such as heating their homes or feeding themselves.

5. Between 1 April 2018 and 31 March 2019, the Trussell Trust’s food bank network distributed 230,000 three-day emergency food supplies to people in crisis in Scotland. The top three reasons for referral to a food bank were;

6. The map below shows estimated levels of poverty in each local authority area in Scotland.

7. Social Exclusion Poverty leads to social exclusion. This is the term used to explain the impact of poverty on individuals. Social exclusion means people are unable to participate in aspects of society. • Not being able to afford essential household goods. • Finding it difficult engage in social activities. • Children going without at least 2 things they need. • Adults going without essential clothing.

8. Activity 2: Causes of poverty Brainstorm for 3 minutes Under the heading – Causes of Poverty Write as many things you can think of that cause someone to be living in poverty (in the UK).

9. Causes of poverty Unemployment/insecure employment Unemployment/insecure employment, low pay, and the cost of living are some of the reasons why many people are living in poverty. Households in which no one is in paid employment are most likely to experience poverty, but over 60% of children in poverty in Scotland live in working households. Job insecurity and short-term, part time working patterns are contributing to the numbers of people in poverty.

10. Low Pay Employment does not guarantee a route of poverty. 65% of children in poverty in Scotland live in working households. Low pay is a major contributory factor to poverty in Scotland. This is known as ‘in work poverty’. Those living on the national minimum wage (NMW) struggle to keep their head above water. The real Living Wage is £9 per hour, but almost 20% of workers in Scotland receive less than the real Living Wage.

11. Cost of living The price of essential items such as food, energy and transport have risen in recent years. This puts pressure on low income households. The poorest fifth of households spend twice as much of their income on food and fuel compared to households in the top fifth of income. Low income families struggle with the costs involved in sending children to school, e.g. uniform, travel, trips. Affordable childcare can be a barrier for women going out to work. Nursery fees and after school care is expensive.

12. Solutions to poverty There are many actions we could take to pull people out of poverty in Scotland. • Boost incomes • Improve social security system • Lower cost of living

13. Boost incomes Living wage and secure jobs Too many people are struggling with ‘in work’ poverty. It is essential that people receive a real Living Wage. People need job security and opportunities to develop their skills and progress at work.

14. Improve social security system When It was set up the social security system aimed to support people from the ‘cradle to the grave’ and part of this was a benefit system that would act as a safety net when people are in need. Recent changes to the benefit system are pushing more people into poverty. • There needs to be an increase in benefit rates. • Benefit rates should rise in line with inflation. • We need to ensure people are accessing the benefits they are entitled to.

15. Cost of living Essential items/schools/childcare • Companies should ensure that the poorest in society are not paying more for essential items. • We need to look at the cost of the school and remove financial barriers to education. Introduce free school meals, adequate clothing grants. Review the cost of travel and school trips to make them affordable for all. • Increase provision of affordable childcare, both nursery and after school care.

16. Activity 3: Policy Ideas The Scottish Government has passed legislation to eradicate child poverty by 2030. However, at the moment it looks likely that this target will not be met. You have been hired by the Scottish Government to look into ways to tackle this issue. In groups, think about what help the government currently give to those living in poverty. Now think what would your group do to reduce the number of people living in poverty? Write / design a poster with your policy ideas.

17. Share your policy poster on social media! Once you have finished your poster, share it on social media using the hashtags #ChallengePoverty #AyeWeCan