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Web Technologies

Web Technologies. Internet Architecture. Distributed c omputing No central a uthority Client-Server Architecture Possible to connect almost any device to network TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. Internet Protocol (IP). Packet structure

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Web Technologies

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  1. Web Technologies

  2. Internet Architecture • Distributed computing • No central authority • Client-Server Architecture • Possible to connect almost any device to network • TCP/IP • Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol

  3. Internet Protocol (IP) • Packet structure • Uniform Resource Locator (URL) • Domain Name Service • IPV6 • Larger address space • Better security • Faster routing • Multicasting

  4. Hyper Text Markup Language(HTML) • Is the basic building-blocks of webpages. • A markup language is a set of hiddentags to describe page formatting. • Content + HTML  web page. • http://www.geneseo.edu

  5. Cascading Style Sheets(CSS) • Used to describe the presentation semantics (the look and formatting) of a document • Is designed primarily to enable the separation of document content (written in HTML or a similar markup language) from document presentation, including elements such as the layout, colors, and fonts

  6. DHTML • Dynamic HTML • Allows scripting languages to change variables in a web page's definition language, which in turn affects the look and function of otherwise "static" HTML page content, after the page has been fully loaded and during the viewing process.

  7. DHTML Uses • Animate text and images in their document, independently moving each element from any starting point to any ending point, following a predetermined path or one chosen by the user. • Embed a ticker that automatically refreshes its content with the latest news, stock quotes, or other data. • Use a form to capture user input, and then process and respond to that data without having to send data back to the server. • Include rollover buttons or drop-down menus.

  8. Extensible Markup Language(XML) • Is a set of rules for encoding documents in machine-readable form. • Design goals emphasize simplicity, generality, and usability over the Internet. • Although the design of XML focuses on documents, it is widely used for the representation of arbitrary data structures.

  9. eXtensibleHyperText Markup Language(XHTML) • Was developed to make HTML more extensible and increase interoperability with other data formats.[ • More rigorous HTML

  10. Flash • Is a multimedia platform used to add animation, video, and interactivity to web pages. • Is frequently used for advertisements and games.

  11. HTML 5 • Improve the language with support for the latest multimedia. • Keeps it easily readable by humans. • Consistently understood by computers. • HTML5 is intended to subsume not only HTML 4, but XHTML 1. • Replacement for Flash.

  12. JavaScript • Client-side scripting language for web pages. • Used to add interactivity to web pages. • Enhanced user interface.

  13. Apache • Is web server software notable for playing a key role in the initial growth of the World Wide Web. • In 2009 it became the first web server software to surpass the 100 million web site milestone. • Open source

  14. PHP • PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor (a recursive acronym, originally personal home page) • PHP is a general-purpose scripting language that was originally designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages. • Others: Ruby, ColdFusion, Perl, Python.

  15. mySQL • My Structured Query Language • Is a relational database management system (RDBMS). • Provides multi-user access to a number of databases.

  16. Web 2.0 • Allows users to interact and collaborate with each other in a social media dialogue as consumers of user-generated content in a virtual community. • Basically refers to the transition from static HTML Web pages to a more dynamic Web that is more organized and is based on serving Web applications to users

  17. Web 2.0 Features(SLATES) • Search: Finding information through keyword search. • Links: Connects information together into a meaningful information ecosystem using the model of the Web, and provides low-barrier social tools. • Authoring : The ability to create and update content leads to the collaborative work of many rather than just a few web authors. In wikis, users may extend, undo and redo each other's work. In blogs, posts and the comments of individuals build up over time. • Tags: Categorization of content by users adding "tags" - short, usually one-word descriptions - to facilitate searching, without dependence on pre-made categories. Collections of tags created by many users within a single system may be referred to as "folksonomies" (i.e., folk taxonomies). • Extensions: Software that makes the Web an application platform as well as a document server. These include software like Adobe Reader, Adobe Flash player, Microsoft Silverlight, ActiveX, Oracle Java, Quicktime, Windows Media, etc. • Signals: The use of syndication technology such as RSS to notify users of content changes.

  18. Web 2.0

  19. Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (Ajax), • Is a group of interrelated web development methods used on the client-side to create interactive web applications. • Web applications can retrieve data from the server asynchronously in the background without interfering with the display and behavior of the existing page. • Ajax is not one technology, but a group of technologies.

  20. Web 3.0 • Semantic Web is a group of methods and technologies to allow machines to understand the meaning – or "semantics" – of information on the World Wide Web. • Web pages are personalized based on the characteristics (interests, social category, context, ...) of an individual. • The computer is generating new information, rather than humans

  21. Metaverse • Convergence of the virtual and physical world. • Includes TV-quality open video, 3D simulations, pervasive broadband, wireless, and sensors. (Pervasive computing) • Geospatial (Foursquare) • Augmented reality (Google Goggles)

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