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The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport

The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport. Glycolysis Review. Glycolysis is the process of taking one molecule of glucose and breaking it down into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid 2 ATP are needed to start the reaction net 2 ATP and 2 NADH are netted Occurs in the cytoplasm

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The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport

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  1. The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport

  2. Glycolysis Review • Glycolysis is the process of taking one molecule of glucose and breaking it down into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid • 2 ATP are needed to start the reaction • net 2 ATP and 2 NADH are netted • Occurs in the cytoplasm • When glycolysis is over, the presence of oxygen is determined • If no  anaerobic respiration • If yes  aerobic respiration

  3. Flowchart Section 9-2 Cellular Respiration Glucose(C6H1206) + Oxygen(02) Glycolysis KrebsCycle ElectronTransportChain Carbon Dioxide (CO2) + Water (H2O)

  4. Kreb’s Cycle • Pyruvic Acid loses a carbon atom in the form of carbon dioxide • Forms a 2-carbon molecule • Produces a NADH • This 2-carbon molecule will bind with Coenzyme A to form Acetyl-CoA • This molecule can now enter the Kreb’s cycle

  5. Kreb’s Cycle • During the Kreb’s cycle, pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions • Also known as the citric acid cycle • Occurs in the intermitochondrial space

  6. Mitochondria inter mitochondrial space = between 2 membranes

  7. Kreb’s Cycle • The Kreb’s Cycle will go through once for each one molecule of pyruvic acid • Cycle goes through twice per 1 molecule of sugar • Products: • 8 NADH • 2 FADH2 – electron carrier • 2 ATP • Used for cellular activities • 6 carbon dioxides • Exhaled out Electrons are moved to the ETC

  8. Electron Transport Chain: Overview • Electrons from the electron carriers (NADH & FADH2) are sent through a series of molecules to create 32 ATP The electrons, once at the end of the chain, will attach to hydrogen ions and oxygen atoms to form water Occurs on the inner membrane of the mitochondria

  9. Electron Transport Chain: Details • NADH & FADH2 carry high energy electrons to ETC • Flow of electrons along ETC causes pumping of H+ into intermembrane space • H+ builds up • H + diffuses out through ATP synthase • ADP and P join to form ATP • Electrons at end of ETC join H+ and O2 to make H2O • Oxygen acts as the “final electron acceptor”

  10. Electron Transport Hydrogen Ion Movement Channel ATP synthase Matrix ATP Production Electron Transport Chain Intermembrane Space Inner Membrane

  11. Energy and Exercise • Cells normally contain small amounts of ATP produced by glycolysis and cellular respiration • Only enough for a few seconds of activity • For activities that are “quick” Once this is used up, muscles get their energy from lactic acid fermentation • For activities that are “longer distance” • Stored energy in the muscles (a sugar called glycogen) will break down • Lasts for about 20-30 minutes • Then the body will break down other energy containing molecules like fat

  12. Review Questions 1. Where does the Krebs cycle take place? 2. What are the steps for the Krebs cycle starting with pyruvic acid? 3. What are the products of the Krebs cycle? 4. What is the electron transport chain and how is it used to produce ATP? 5. What acts as the final electron acceptor for the electron transport chain? 6. How does your body store energy for exercise?

  13. Cellular Respiration Videos • Cellular Respiration Ninja Enzymes (4:15) • Cellular Respiration Song (5:22) • Cellular Respiration with People & Playground (3:15) • Cellular Respiration with Signs (3:33) • Cellular Respiration Rap (2:55)

  14. Cellular Respiration Animations • Krebs Cycle: Part 1 • Krebs Cycle: Part 2 • Electron Transport Chain: Part 1 • Electron Transport Chain: Part 2 • Electron Transport Animation (1:59)

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