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Contraceptives

Contraceptives. Felipe Rebolledo Juan Camilo Garcia 10R. Contraceptives. The term contraception  is a contraction of contra, which means against, and the word conception, meaning fertilization .

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Contraceptives

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  1. Contraceptives Felipe Rebolledo Juan Camilo Garcia 10R

  2. Contraceptives • The term contraception is a contraction of contra, which means against, and the word conception, meaning fertilization. • It is intentional prevention of conception by artificial or natural means. Artificial methods in common use include preventing the sperm from reaching the ovum.

  3. The Pill • They are prescribed by a doctor and come either in a combination pill with the hormones estrogen and progestin or in the form of progestin only. • These pills stop ovulation from taking place, and they also block sperm cells by thickening cervical mucus. • These come in 21, 28, and 91 day types. Although this method of contraception is effective at preventing pregnancy, it does not prevent sexually transmitted diseases.

  4. Diaphragm • A diaphragm is a dome-shaped rubber device that is placed over the cervix before intercourse. • Spermicidechemicals (which are chemicals that destroy sperms)  are placed in it to kill any sperm cells that enter the vagina.

  5. Abstinence • According to the American Pregnancy Association, abstinence is the only contraceptive method that is 100% effective in the prevention of both pregnancy and the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases. • This involves voluntarily abstaining from sex.

  6. Intrauterine Device • An IUD is a small, T-shaped plastic device that is wrapped in copper or contains hormones. • The IUD is inserted into your uterus by your doctor. A plastic string tied to the end of the IUD hangs down through the cervix into the vagina. • You can check that the IUD is in place by feeling for this string. The string is also used by your doctor to remove the IUD. • Types of IUDs • Hormonal IUD. The hormonal IUD, such as Mirena, releases levonorgestrel, which is a form of the hormone progestin. The hormonal IUD appears to be slightly more effective at preventing pregnancy than the copper IUD. The hormonal IUD is effective for at least 5 years. • Copper IUD. The most commonly used IUD is the copper IUD. Copper wire is wound around the stem of the T-shaped IUD. The copper IUD can stay in place for at least 10 years and is a highly effective form of contraception.

  7. Contraceptive Sponge • Sponges work in two ways. First, the sponge is inserted into the vagina, so it can cover the cervix and prevent any sperm from entering the uterus. • Secondly, the sponge is produced with spermicide already inside of it, which is used to prevent the sperm from moving.  • Sponges provide no protection from sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

  8. Male Condom • Is a barrier device most commonly used during sexual intercourse • Reduce the probability of pregnancy and spreading sexually transmitted diseases (STDs—such as gonorrhea, syphilis, and HIV). • It is put on a man's erect penis and physically blocks ejaculated semen from entering the body of a sexual partner.

  9. Female Condom • Female condom is a pouch 17cm (6.5 inches) in length. • At each end there is a flexible ring. At the closed end of the sheath, the flexible ring is inserted into the vagina to hold the female condom in place. • The other end of the sheath stays outside the vulva at the entrance to the vagina. • This ring acts as a guide during penetration and it also stops the sheath from moving up inside the vagina.

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