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BAROQUE

BAROQUE. Baroque: the ornate age (1600-1750). Baroque art succeeded in marrying the advanced techniques and grand scale of the Renaissance to the emotion, intensity, and drama of Mannerism, this making the Baroque era the most sumptuous and ornate in the history of art.

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BAROQUE

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  1. BAROQUE

  2. Baroque: the ornate age (1600-1750) • Baroque art succeeded in marrying the advanced techniques and grand scale of the Renaissance to the emotion, intensity, and drama of Mannerism, this making the Baroque era the most sumptuous and ornate in the history of art. • Spread from Rome to France, and then to the rest of Europe

  3. In Catholic countries like Flanders, religious art flourished, while in the Protestant lands of northern Europe , such as England and Holland, religious imagery was forbidden. • As a result, paintings tended to be still lifes, portraits, landscapes, and scenes from daily life • The three famous Baroque artists: the painter Caravaggio, the sculptor Bernini, and the architect Borromini

  4. Caravaggio(1571-1610): the supernatural made real • “Down and dirty” style • Secularized religious art, making saints and miracles seem like ordinary people and everyday events • Advocated “direct painting” from nature

  5. Caravaggio, “Death of the Virgin”,http://allart.biz/up/photos/album/B-C/Caravaggio/michelangelo_caravaggio_26_death_of_the_virgin.jpg, downloaded on June 27, 2012

  6. Watch the film on Caravaggio http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XYs-VEQVckc (12parts; approx. 120 minutes)

  7. The first feminist painterArtemisia Gentileschi (1593-1653)“Judith and Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes”

  8. Gianlorenzo Bernini (1598-1610), an architect, painter, playwright, composer and theatre designer“The Ecstasy of St. Theresa,” 1645-52, Santa Maria dellaVittoria, Rome

  9. Flemish BaroquePeter Paul Rubens (1577-1640) • The southern Netherlands, called Flanders and later Belgium, remained Catholic after the reformation, which gave artists incentive to produce religious paintings • Rubens – a painter and a diplomat • Known for his religious paintings, his full-bodied, sensual nudes, and hunting pictures

  10. Religious painting: Rubens“The Descent from the Cross”, c. 1612 Antwerp Cathedral

  11. Rubens, “Marie Arrives at Marseilles”, 1622-25, Louvre, Paris

  12. A slide show of Peter Paul Rubens’ works (9 minutes) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=THs1XgfroEc

  13. Dutch schoolRembrandt (1606-1669) • Introspective paintings • Extraordinary emotional depth • Known for his portraits and Biblical themes (his early works)

  14. Rembrandt, “The Nightwatch”, 1642, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

  15. Rembrandt, “Self-Portrait”, 1660, MMA, NY

  16. Caravaggio vs. Rembrandtby Andrew Graham-Dixon(8 minutes) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=euKjvw42blw

  17. Vermeer, “The Kitchenmaid”, c. 1658, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

  18. Vermeer, “Girl with a Pearl Earring”, Mauritshuis Gallery, The Hague

  19. Art works of Johannes Vermeer (5.5 minutes) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EXRZGzRw-4M

  20. English BaroqueHogarth (1697-1764)“Breakfast Scene”, from Marriage a la Mode, c. 1745, NG, London

  21. The Art of William Hogarth (6 minutes) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7Xv9lHezek

  22. Gainsborough, “Mrs Richard Brinsley Sheridan”, c. 1785, NG, London Reynolds, “Jane, Countess of Harrington”, 1777, San Marino, CA How to tell them apart

  23. Thomas Gainsborough (1727-88) Joshua Reynolds (1723-88) • Easy-going, often overdue with commissions • Naïve, spontaneous • No intellectual pretensions or ambitions, loved nature, music • Solo act – did not use assistants • Casual poses without posturing • Natural setting, landscape background • Sitters in contemporary dress • Hard-working, careful businessman, complete professional • Consummate gentleman/scholar • Well educated in classics, England’s first art theorist • Employed assistants and drapery painters • Aimed at “senatorial dignity” in portraits • Antique props: urns, pedestals, columns • Sitters in character as goddesses, saints

  24. Spanish BaroqueVelázquez (1599-1660), Las Meninas”, 1656, Prado, Madrid

  25. Slide show of Diego Velazquez’ works (4 minutes) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B95AMm_Zg54

  26. French BaroqueGeorges de La Tour, “The Penitent Magdalen”, c. 1638-43, MMA, NY

  27. The National Geographic Mary Magdalen film (approx 50 minutes) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pb17NbNaUU8

  28. Rococo • Rococo was born in Paris, where it coincided with the reign of Louis XV (1723-74) • Rococo was primarily a form of interior decoration, the name deriving from the “rocaille” motif of shellwork and pebbles ornamenting grottoes and fountains • Curvilinear, delicate ornamentation

  29. Baroque Wren, St. Paul’s Cathedral, 1675-1712, London Rococo Gaudi, Casa Mila, 1907, Barcelona Discuss the differences

  30. Rococo art • Mood • Interior décor • Shapes • Style • Colors • Playful, superficial, alive with energy • Gilded woodwork, painted panels, enormous wall mirrors • Sinuous S- and C-curves, ribbon-like scrolls • Light, graceful, delicate • White, silver, gold, light pinks, blues, greens

  31. Who Were The Old Masters? Bellini, Bosch, Botticelli, Bruegel, Canaletto, Caravaggio, Carracci, Claude, Correggio, Durer, El Greco, Giorgione, Hals, Holbein, La Tour, Leonardo, Masaccio, Michelangelo, Poussin, Raphael, Rembrandt, Reni, Rubens, Tiepolo, Tintoretto, Titian, Van Dyck, Van Eyck, Velazquez, Vermeer, Veronese, Zurbaran

  32. REFERENCES • Honour, Hugh and John Fleming. The Visual Arts: A History. Revised 7th ed. Toronto: Prentice Hall, 2010. Print • Strickland, Carol. The Annotated Mona Lisa. A Crash Course in Art History from Prehistoric to Post-Modern. Kansas City: Andrews McMeel Publishing, LLC, 2007. Print

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