Clean Diesel Construction Requirements of the Port Authority of NY & NJ

1. Clean Diesel Construction Requirements of the Port Authority of NY & NJ Dorian Bailey, Supervisor Chemical/Environmental Testing Engineering Department 201-216-2963 dbailey@panynj.gov

2. Rebuilding of the World Trade Center Environmental Performance Commitments “EPC” Requirements • Submit a Diesel Engine Emission Mitigation Plan • Follow Diesel Engine Anti-Idling Policy • Use Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) Fuel • Meet or Surpass Diesel Construction Equipment Age Requirements (Tier 2) • Install Best Available Technology on > 50 HP

3. New York City Local Law 77 • “LL77” Requirements • Use Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) Fuel • Consider nitrogen oxides and particulate matter strategies • Install Best Available Technology on > 50 HP • Category I – retrofit tailpipe devices with the highest reductions in pollutants • Category 2 – retrofit tailpipe devices with the lower reductions in pollutants • Category 3 – Other fuel-change based emission reductions

4. Agency Wide Clean Diesel Specifications terminals ports airports bridges tunnels PATH Core Requirements • Idle Restrictions • ULSD • Newer Engines • BAT

5. Agency Wide Clean Diesel Specifications Clean Diesel Specification Phase in Period • Awarded in 2009 with total construction costs of $10 million or greater; • Awarded in 2010 with total construction costs of $5 million of greater; • Awarded in 2011 with total construction costs of $1.5 million of greater; • All contracts awarded in 2012 or later

6. Agency Wide Clean Diesel Specifications • Applicability: All land based and barge mounted diesel powered construction equipment (Specifically excludes marine) • Site Implementation: Immediate, i.e., all equipment must arrive on site meeting requirements Contract Book Location: Division 1: Diesel Fuel

7. Submittal Requirements • Excel format preferred initially and for updated inventories • Onsite/off site dates • Make, manufacturer, model, and serial numbers for: (1) engine (2) equipment and (3) retrofit

8. Diesel Engine Anti-Idling Policy • The idling time of Non-Road and On-Road Vehicles shall be limited to three (3) consecutive minutes except as follows: • On-Road Vehicle is forced to remain motionless because of traffic conditions or mechanical difficulties over which the operator has no control • When it is necessary to operate defrosting, heating, cooling or auxiliary equipment. Exempts cranes and concrete mixers when necessary. • To bring the vehicle to the manufacturer’s recommended operating temperature. • When the outdoor ambient temperature is below 20°. • When the vehicle is being actively worked on for repairs or maintenance and idling is needed to effectuate repairs.

9. ULSD and Other Fuels • ULSD (15 ppm) is required, which has been nationally available at on-road pumps since 2006 • Biodiesel, emuslfied diesel, oxy-diesel and fuel borne-catalysts alone will not meet PA BAT approval

10. Newer Engines (Tier Levels) • Agency wide specification mandates Tier 1 engines • EPC driven specifications for Lower Manhattan rebuilding requires Tier 2 engines • PA may move to a Tier 2 minimum standard after full implementation Preliminary EIS modeling for the Goethals Bridge Replacement Project shows a possible need for Tier 2 Engines with BAT

11. Best Available Technology (BAT) All equipment > 50 HP must be retrofitted with emission control devices, such as: Diesel Oxidation Catalysts (DOC) Flow Through Filters (FTF) Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF)

12. Diesel Oxidation Catalyst • Smallest PM reductions (20 – 33%) • Waivers required for use on equipment >75 HP • Easiest, cheapest installation • No backpressure or maintenance issues Figure 1: http://www.meca.org/galleries/defaultimage/diesel_oxidation_catalyst.gif

13. Flow Through Filters (FTF) • More efficient PM removal than DOC (~50%) • Waivers required for use on >75 HP • Catalyzed mesh or torturous path filters • Some cleaning/maintenance • Passive regeneration temperature requirements Source: http://www.dcl-inc.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=16&Itemid=36

14. Diesel Particulate Filter • BAT “Gold Standard” for PM • • PM Removal Efficiencies (>90%) • Active or passive filter media regeneration • Active regeneration must be considered for higher HP applications with low exhaust temps Figure 2: http://www.meca.org/galleries/default-image/diesel_particulate_filter.gif

15. Retrofit Verification Programs • PA Accepts Verification From: • CARB • EPA • VERT/BUWAL http://www.arb.ca.gov/diesel/verdev/vt/cvt.htm http://www.epa.gov/oms/retrofit/verif-list.htm http://www.bafu.admin.ch/publikationen/publikation/01010/index.html?lang=en

16. BAT Summary • General PM Removal %: • DPF > FTF > DOC • For 50-75 HP, FTF or DOC is acceptable. No waiver required • Devices should be verified by CARB or EPA Compliance is field verified!

17. Waivers • Active regeneration must be considered • Economic analysis of retrofit cost to equipment value • Reciprocity (3 years for BAT) • a. Safety/visibility • b. Void the engine warranty • c.  Other mechanical reasons • d. Can’t upgrade Tier 0 to 1 • Cost: 30 percent of the fair market value of the construction equipment • Engineer’s discretion

18. Questions? At the Port Authority, we are committed to a greener tomorrow. Thank you!