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BLACK HOLES

BLACK HOLES. By: Ruby Hayes-Baum. The Beginning. It all starts with the stars. . The Start. The star that is about to become a black hole needs to have at least three times the mass of the sun, or 1,988,920,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 kilograms.

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BLACK HOLES

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  1. BLACK HOLES By: Ruby Hayes-Baum

  2. The Beginning • It all starts with the stars.

  3. The Start • The star that is about to become a black hole needs to have at least three times the mass of the sun, or 1,988,920,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 kilograms. • When this massive star reaches the end of its long life it is about to supernova.

  4. Supernova • The star stops burning because it can not create any nuclear energy that the star requires. • There is so much pressure during this time that it essentially gets crushed under its own gravity. • The stability of the star cracks under its own gravity.

  5. Swartzchild Radius • The radius of the star will shrink to a critical size. • The star will then start to devour everything, including light, when it comes a little bit too close. • Then gravity will collapse the core of the star and it will implode.

  6. Stellar Mass Black Hole • The outer shell of the star explodes into space. • Some of the pieces may fall back into the black hole. • This would make it even heavier and denser.

  7. Reaction in the Star • In the core of the star, a nuclear fusion takes place, this causes an outward pressure that is balanced by the inward pull of gravity. • When the star is at the end, the fusion reaction that usually combines helium and hydrogen changes and now produces carbon.

  8. All of that is followed by carbon turning into oxygen, oxygen into silicon and silicon into iron. • This is where nuclear fusion stops. • The outer layers of all the elements that were produced keep burning around the iron core. • The iron core builds up and explodes in the supernova.

  9. First Fate of a Blown Up Star • A star that has a mass that is 1.4 times the size of our sun, after the supernova explosion, will compress into a dense mass of neutrons. • 100 million tons of neutrons is equal to one teaspoon • This star will turn into a massive neutron star.

  10. Second Fate • When the neutrons are not able to prevent the stars collapse due to the intense gravity it will shrink and compress into an infinite black void called, a Stellar Mass Black Hole.

  11. Third Fate • The third fate is a super massive black hole. • If you put billions of suns together you might know the size of one. • Scientists are not exactly sure on how they are formed, they speculate that two smaller black holes combined to form a super massive black hole.

  12. Unknown • In the end not much is known about black holes because in essence black holes are still a theory themselves. We have yet to explore the rest of our own galaxy.

  13. THE END

  14. Bibliography • http://www.universetoday.com/33454/how-do-black-holes-form/c • The Essential Cosmic Perspective, written by Bennett, Donahue, Schneider, Voit

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