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The Evolution of English Absolute Monarchs: Magna Carta to Bill of Rights

Explore the historic journey of English absolute monarchs from the Magna Carta in 1215 to the English Bill of Rights in 1689. Witness the struggles, power shifts, and pivotal events that shaped England's monarchy.

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The Evolution of English Absolute Monarchs: Magna Carta to Bill of Rights

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  1. English Absolute Monarchs

  2. The Magna Carta •  The Magna Carta was signed in 1215 by King John •  It was written to limit the power of the king •  Even though it was signed by the king, most kings ignored it for centuries

  3. Henry VIII Tudor • Separation of the Church of England from the Roman Catholic Church • Known for the English Reformation that made England a Protestant nation

  4. Elizabeth I - 1558-1603 • She was a Tudor • Elizabethan Age • Golden Age   • Commercial expansion, exploration, Colonization of New World

  5. James I 1566-1625 Cousin of Queen Elizabeth I From Scotland Did not get along with Parliament Parliament limits his expenses Religious differences with Parliament – (He is a Calvinist & most of Parliament is Puritan) Ruled until his death

  6. Charles I Stuart (Son of James I) • 1625: signed the Petition of Right • Limited taxes and forbid unlawful imprisonment. • Claimed divine right

  7. Charles I • The Parliament was at odds with him and met to limit the power of the monarch • This led to a civil war in England (1642-1645) led by Oliver Cromwell • For his abuse of power, Charles I was executed

  8. English Civil War • Parliamentarians (Roundheads) • and Royalists (Cavaliers).

  9. Oliver Cromwell • Promised to rule for the people but became an absolute ruler himself • He used violence and was intolerant of Catholics, but not of other religions • Puritan wanted to clean up England morally • He only ruled for five years

  10. Charles II

  11. Charles II • King of the Stuart Restoration • This was the restoring of the royal line (after Cromwell who wasn’t a “royal”) • Reinstated a limited monarchy • Habeas Corpus Act 1679 • Protects people from arrests without due process

  12. James II • James II was openly Catholic • He abused his power and England wanted change

  13. James II • Glorious Revolution in 1688 • James II was forced out without any bloodshed

  14. William and Mary

  15. William and Mary • William and Mary were Protestant and named king and queen • Signed the English Bill of Rights in 1689 • Gave citizens rights and limited the power of the monarch • Roman Catholics could not be king or queen of England

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