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Understanding the Politics of Public Policy

2. Outline. Models and theories of public policyPolicy process modelproblem definition and agenda settingpolicy formulationpolicy legitimationpolicy implementationpolicy evaluation/policy changeInstruments of public policyPolicy typologies. 3. Models of Public Policy. Elite theoryGroup theo

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Understanding the Politics of Public Policy

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    1. 1 Understanding the Politics of Public Policy

    2. 2 Outline Models and theories of public policy Policy process model problem definition and agenda setting policy formulation policy legitimation policy implementation policy evaluation/policy change Instruments of public policy Policy typologies

    3. 3 Models of Public Policy Elite theory Group theory Institutionalism Rational choice theory Political systems theory Policy process model

    4. 4 Policy Process Model Policy Cycle

    5. 5 Problem Definition Often difficult to define a problem What is a current problem? Why is it a problem? Definition is based on your own perspective Who’s involved?

    6. 6 Agenda Setting Systemic vs. government agenda systemic: public is aware of and may be discussing government: considered to be those issues and problems that policymakers are addressing at a certain time What issues would you consider to be on the government agenda currently?

    7. 7 Streams of Agenda Setting

    8. 8 Explanations for Agenda Setting: Problems, Politics, Participants Problems mandated items magnitude of problem focusing events (e.g., Sept. 11, Love Canal) relationship to symbols absence of private means spillover impacts analogy to other problems

    9. 9 Explanations (cont’d) Politics political process change change in administration, public opinion, etc. Visible participants (entrepreneurs) president and staff congressional leadership media interest groups

    10. 10 Explanations: Saliency and Conflict

    11. 11 Policy Formulation Debate over alternative policy choices Importance of policy analysis Actors provide their preferred positions Who’s involved bureaucracy, EOP legislature/staff interest groups

    12. 12 Policy Legitimation Appropriateness of government action Important for garnering support Deals w/two major issues Substance of the policy Process of adopting the policy

    13. 13 Policy Implementation Where actual intervention is seen Activities that put programs into effect money spent laws passed regulations formulated Done mostly by executive branch through regulations

    14. 14 Policy Evaluation and Change Step often disregarded in process Difficult to identify the goals of a program and if they were achieved Different types of impacts direct vs. indirect short-term vs. long-term Hopefully, will feed information back into the policy process

    15. 15 Instruments of Policy Regulation Government management Taxing and spending Market mechanisms Education and information

    16. 16 Lowi Policy Typology Distributive policy individualized grants and programs Redistributive policy one gains from another’s loss Regulatory policy government restriction of choice

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