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Baltic Sea

Baltic Sea. Future and impact of CO2. Author : Reelika Rohi. Pressures on the Baltic Sea - Accumulation of various economic sectors.

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Baltic Sea

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  1. Baltic Sea Future and impact of CO2 Author : Reelika Rohi

  2. Pressures on the Baltic Sea - Accumulation of various economic sectors • In the future ,around in 10 and 20 years show that the different uses of the sea will increasingly conflict with each other . The sea is too small for all the uses and that kind of conflicts need comprehensive planning. In Estonia there are relevant examples as like maritime transport, such as offshore wind parks as bridges, the cables, pipelines, oil tankers and cruise ships, all increased the risk. Up to now, is not clear how they're all match together without violating the marine ecosystem.

  3. Shipping In Baltic Sea we can predict the increase of seatransport. For year 2030, it is assumed, that there will be sailing 2 times bigger and 2 times more ships. But , the oilleaks and oilships destruction is still increasing.

  4. Wind energyWithin the next 20 years will increase as the number of wind farms as well as their sizes. From the wind energy production is projected to grow from the current 465 MW to 25 000 MW, ie 6000 per cent.

  5. Cables and pipes For us, the more attractive project going on in the baltic sea is the Nord Stream project. The projects idea is to put down cabels and pipes under the sea. Atm, there are allready pipes and cabels under the sea, what allraedy increase the transportation of oil, gas etc, between countires.

  6. Ports To year 2030 the number of ports doesn’t change, but they will grow.

  7. The sea's unique brackish ecosystem is highly sensitive to pollution. There is little exchange of water with the neighbouring Atlantic Ocean, and low water temperatures and ice cover mean that pollutants - including spilled oil and drilling lubricants - biodegrade extremely slowly.Already stressed by other intensive human activities, drilling for oil will only increase the threats to the Baltic Sea's biodiversity.

  8. Fisheries Fisheries competes with other maritime sectors. Since fishing quotas are politically regulated, it is difficult to predict future trends.

  9. Impact of Agriculture Impact of Agriculture in the Baltic Sea is increasing, because agriculture is intensifying and becoming more commercial. One of the biggest environmental problem in the Baltic Sea is eutrophication . It is caused by nitrogen and phosphorus leaching in the Baltic Sea drainage basin. One solution could be the EU's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) into a more environmentally friendly.

  10. Impact of CO2 and solutions Due to the increasing atmospheric CO2 the mean pH in the central Baltic Sea will decrease from currently 8.07 to 7.91 during the next approximately 100 years. The ecological consequences are not yet foreseeable, but may be severe since many biochemical reactions are controlled by the pH. At the same time the CaCO3 saturation will decrease by a factor of almost two and the Baltic Sea surface water will be below saturation for aragonite almost throughout the year. This may affect the abundance of calcifying organisms because their growth is impeded at low CaCO3 saturation. • An alternative is to install to new passenger vessels nitrogen and phosphorus removal equipment. Phosphorus and nitrogen nutrients contribute to eutrophication of seawater, water quality deterioration.

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