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Pop Quiz: Conflict and Compromise

Pop Quiz: Conflict and Compromise. 1). What is U.N. Resolution 181? 2). What were two results from the Six Day War? 3). List any three issues separating Israel and Palestine (Use the ones listed in the reading)?. Chapter 34. The Pacific Rim. Japanese Recovery. Occupation

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Pop Quiz: Conflict and Compromise

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  1. Pop Quiz: Conflict and Compromise 1). What is U.N. Resolution 181? 2). What were two results from the Six Day War? 3). List any three issues separating Israel and Palestine (Use the ones listed in the reading)?

  2. Chapter 34 The Pacific Rim

  3. Japanese Recovery • Occupation -American occupation ended in 1952 -Pressed for democratization of Japanese society and economic reform (Women right to vote, break up large estates, and making emperor figurehead) -Liberal Democratic Party dominates • Politics -LDP remains powerful until 1993 -Defined by close cooperation between business and political interests -Remained oligarchic and elite, despite a more democratic system

  4. Japanese Culture • Culture -Tradition persisted and elements of Japanese culture remained (tea ceremony, poetry, theater etc.) -New artistic styles recalled previous eras while others combined Japanese and Western styles -Style remained distinctly Japanese -Little impact on world culture Modern Japanese women in traditional kimonos

  5. Japan’s Economic Surge • Rapid economic growth -Made Japan a world economic power -Automobile manufacturing and electronic equipment • WHY? • Active government encouragement • Educational expansion • Distinctive labor policies (Unions) • Group-oriented social conscious/management style

  6. Taiwan, Hong Kong & Singapore • Taiwan -Nationalist army defeated by Communists and fall back to Taiwan. -China imposed authoritarian rule, but US supported Taiwan -Achieved economic prosperity despite political tensions • Hong Kong -Remains under British control until 1997 -Vigorous and thriving economy; hub of many Western businesses and tourism • Singapore -Gained independence in 1965; thriving port society Hong Kong today

  7. Advances in Taiwan (Republic of China) and Singapore • Political Change -Chiang Kai-shek & his son rule Taiwan until 1978 -Gov’t remains stable through transition -Lee Kuan rules Singapore for three decades after 1965 -Both groups held tight control of the government and suppressed opposition • Economic change -Taiwan: Successful trade contacts were created around the world -Gov’t poured aid into the economy and agriculture -Hong Kong center for world trade and banking -Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, and South Korea known as the “Asian Tigers” • Impact • All became important links in international trade chain • Each area vital to US economy for exports and investment capital

  8. The Korean Miracle • Political Change -Military government removed in 1980s -Replaced by conservative gov’t that allowed limited participation and press freedom • Economic change -Economy became focus after1950 -Huge industrial firms (Hyundai) created w/ government aid and entrepreneurship -Consumer goods dominated; steel, cars and textiles were also produced • Impact • Huge population growth led to high population density • Environmental damage creates a hothouse climate • Massive disparity between rich and poor

  9. Do Now: Explaining Events Through Pictures

  10. Vietnam and the end of war • Ngo Dinh Diem -U.S. backed leader of south -Fights communist resistance (Viet Cong or “VC”) • Diem fails to win against Communists • U.S. intervention shifts from advisory to full war • U.S. withdraws in 1975 (South Vietnam falls to Communists) Evacuation of American personnel-Saigon (1975)

  11. After Victory: Struggle to Rebuild • Communist win isolated Vietnam • Gov’t pushed centralization -Reeducation camps -Persecution of enemies led to mass migration from the former south -Economy left many impoverished • Economic growth after 1980 • Cambodia -1975: Communist rebels known as Khmer Rouge set up brutal gov’t under Pol Pot -Killed 2 million in a genocide -Vietnam invaded in 1978 and installed less repressive gov’t

  12. The Philippines • Philippines -Approve Bell Act (free trade) before getting funding to rebuild after WWII -U.S. wanted to maintain military presence -Demand 99 year lease on military bases; given up in 1992 • From Marcos to Ramos -Ferdinand Marcos: Elected president in 1965 -Authoritarian rule -Defeated by Corazon Aquino and forced into exile when he refused to acknowledge her victory -New constitution, but battled separatist group (Muslim group-Moros)

  13. Indonesia • Sukarno -Proclaimed independence in 1945 -Dutch attempt to gain control, but lose to guerilla army and cede independence in 1949 • Instability -Economic mismanagement led to inflation -1965 military coup: Led by Suharto; 500,000 to 1 million Indonesians killed -1967: Police state instituted, martial law, annexation of East Timor • 1999: East Timor voted for independence; many killed or put in refugee camps -Gained independence in 2002

  14. Malaysia • 1945 -British return after war and attempted to organize multiple ethnic groups into one state -1957: Created the Federation of Malaya from Singapore and Malaya -1965: Singapore declared independent state while the federation of Malaya, Sarawak, and Sabah became Malaysia

  15. China After Mao • Zhou Enlai -China’s isolation worrisome; tells West he is ready to establish ties -1971: UN membership endorsed by U.S. and a visit by President Nixon show opening of relations -Zhou Enlai dies in 1976 • Gang of Four -Jiang Qing and allies who tried to seize control of government from pragmatists; sentenced to life following Mao’s death • 1979 -United States and China establish diplomatic relations

  16. The Four Modernizations • Deng Xiaoping -1980: Although a Communist, he supported moderate economic policies -Four Modernizations 1. Responsibility system 2. Incentive program 3. Foreign capital and technology 4. Entrepreneurship • Results -Crop and industrial production increased -Westernization of culture increased (Foreign tourism and purchase of consumer goods)

  17. Democratic Challenge • Tiananmen Square -Influx of Western ideas -1989: Students sparked a popular uprising by occupying Tiananmen Square -Won widespread support and called for Deng Xiaoping to resign in favor of democracy • Crackdown -Deng declared state of martial law -The square was surrounded by the military -Tanks used to crush barricades and hundreds killed by soldiers

  18. Modern China • 1997 -Jiang Zemin becomes president -U.S. pressured China to release political prisoners and ensure basic rights -Great Britain returned Hong Kong to China -China promised to respect economic system and political liberties • Economic and Political -Dramatic reduction of poverty -Continued global outreach of China and participation in international organizations -New ruler is Xi Jinping

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