Rwanda, 2011

1. Developing the Results Chain in Transformational Development Planning Rwanda, 2011 Results Based Management Module

2. Presentation Overview • From the Vision to the Results Chain • What a Results Chain is • Types of Results • Concept of Cause and Effect Relationship • Examples of Results Chains • Accountability & Control over results

3. Features of Transformational Development Results Framework • Timing of Results from Left to Right • Horizontal Causality: Concept of Enablers emphasized - Each result creates enabling conditions for the achievement of all results situated on its right side; • Vertical causality: Outputs  Outcomes  Strategic Intent (Impact) ; • Strategic Intent result level unchanged during Vision cycle (20 years+) • Vision is basis for alignment of Medium-Term National Development Plans and Development Assistance support

4. From Vision to Result Chains T2 T3 T1 T1.1. T2.1. T2.2. T3.1.

5. From Vision to Result Chains Strategic Intent For each NDP and UNDAF A Medium-Term National Development Plan. E.g. NDP-II OR An Aligned Development Assistance Framework. e.g. UNDAF

6. Transformational Dev. Results Framework An “organogram” of results leading to a desired impact (Strategic Intent) and showing: • ascending causal relationships between: • Short term operational results (Input Activities  Outputs); • Medium term institutional and behavioral results (outcomes); and • Long term expected changes on people and society’s conditions (impact) • Horizontal causal relationship between ‘Enablers’ and other results

7. Two Levels of Results Impact Development Results (All actors) Outcomes Outputs Operational Achievements (your organization) Activities Input

8. Result levels Impact/ Strategic Intent Reduced Child Mortality Improved child survival Positive and negativelong-term effects on identifiable population groups produced by a development intervention, directly or indirectly, intended or unintended. The intended or achieved short-term and medium-term effects of an intervention’s outputs, usually requiring the collective effort of partners. Outcomes represent changes in development conditions which occur between the completion of outputs and the achievement of impact. Immunization Coverage for traditional and new vaccines increased and sustained over 90% Outcome Products & services resulting from completion of activities of development interventions. (UNDG) – Operational bottlenecks Immunization Services expanded geographically and integrating new vaccines to prevent pneumonia and diarrhea Output

9. Types of Results: logical hierarchy Impact/ Strategic Intent Changes in the lives of people: realisation of their rights GBV Anti GBV movements Behavioural change: new attitudes, practices Institutional Change: values, laws – associated with institutional performance, new institutions Outcomes Judicial & media responses to GBV Outputs Operational Change: products and services, knowledge, skills (direct result of completion of activities) Policy; GBV One Stop Center

10. Strategic Result – impact level if Programme Result – outcome level then if Result – intermediate outcome then Result –output level if Cause and effect relationship:The If-then logic then

11. Result Result Result Result Result Result Result Result Result Result Cause-effect Relationship The different results are organized by result level into a results chain or results framework, where a logical causal link is established. Impact Level Outcome Level Output Level 11

12. Results Chain in the context of Poverty Reduction RHs’ Status Institutional/ Development, products Less Results Like… Focus @ Timeframe Impact Proportion of people living on <$2 a day halved > 5 yrs then Outcome Employment and income generation increased Institutional/ Behavioural 5 yrs Partners’ Accountability and control then if Regulatory environ. proposed to drive small enterprise development Outcome 5 yrs if then Output Pro-poor economic policies endorsed and implemented <5 yrs More if then • Economic assessment • National consultation • Training of artisans Activity <1 yr if

13. Results Chain - Reducing HIV Incidence Results Like… Focus @ Timeframe Impact HIV prevalence reduced by 60% Human! > 5 yrs then if Outcome Response brought to scale Institutional/ Behavioural 5 yrs then if Outcome Leadership empowered Institutional/ Behavioural 5 yrs then Output Skills of NAC strengthened Operational/ skills, abilities, products & services <5 yrs if then Activity Train 250 district AIDS officers <1 yr if Less Individual Accountability More

14. Accountability: Control over results As we move to higher level results, the control we have over them decreases • Reasons: • Presence of other actors • More assumptions involved • More external factors affecting final result

15. Thank you