Reference Architecture Track Terry Hagle, Office of DoD CIO/AS&I 703-607-0235 terry.hagle@osd.mil

1. 2010 EA Conference Reference Architecture TrackTerry Hagle, Office of DoD CIO/AS&I703-607-0235terry.hagle@osd.mil

2. Agenda • Enterprise Reference Architecture Cell (ERAC) Overview – Terry Hagle • Reference Architecture (RA)– Steve Ring • Principles • Technical Positions • Patterns • Enterprise-wide Access to Network and Collaboration Services (EANCS) RA – Norm Minekime • DoD Information Enterprise Architecture (IEA) – Al Mazyck • Purpose/Background • Content • Application of the DoD IEA • Example EANCS RA • Compliance with the DoD IEA • Example EANCS RA

3. ERAC OVERVIEW

4. Enterprise Reference Architecture Cell (ERAC) Components have expressed the need for more detailed guidance Enterprise patterns and processes Army CIO/G-6 Comment on DoD IEA v1.1: “…establish a separate DoD IEA Reference Architecture with sufficient granularity to enable interoperability across the DOD IE/GIG. To foster such interoperability, these reference architectures would need to include processes, process patterns and service patterns, as well as service interfaces and metrics.” Purpose: Develop the reference architecture (artifacts) Assist IT Decision Makers/Components/Programs/Solution Architects as directed Work as an advisor to the functional architect Assist in the proper application of the DoD IEA, DoDAF and DARS Conduct architecture assessments as directed Assess architecture compliance w/DoD IEA Event Driven - Net Centric Reviews (ED-NCR) JCIDS/DAS Milestone Reviews Management: ERAC funded by and resources managed by EA&S Taskings and guidance from the EGB/ASRG

5. Enterprise Reference Architecture Mission Statement The intent of Reference Architecture is to: Normalize the institutional understanding of capabilities at the enterprise level and provide a common set of principles, patterns, and technical positions for use within the DoD to guide development of Enterprise, Segment, or Solution architectures. Development of a Reference Architecture is a process that results in the required content

6. Reference ArchitectureDescription • Five components of a Reference Architecture: • Strategic Purpose • Describes the context, scope, goals, purpose, and intended use of the RA • Principles • High-level statements about the IT environment that tie back to business goals • Incorporate values, organizational culture, and business goals • Drive Technical Positions (and Patterns) • Technical Positions • Statements that provide technical guidance (standards, technologies, etc) for use with each major architectural component or service • Patterns/Templates • Diagrams that address the distribution of systems functions and how they relate topologically • Models that show relationships between components specified by the Technical Positions • Vocabulary • Reference Architecture Description

7. ERAC Process for Developing RA The ERAC leverages the six step architecture development process of the DoDAF The process steps are: Clarify Purpose (Architects & Architecture Owner) Clarify Scope (Architects & Architecture Owner) Identify key questions (Architects & Architecture Owner) Determine required data/information (architects) Collect and Organize data/information (architects collect & organize, SMEs provide) Analyze architecture data/information (architects) Document the results (architects) Use or apply results (Architecture Owner)

8. Proposed RA Product Structure • DoDAF Models to Be Developed: AV-1, AV-2, OV-1, OV-5a, OV-6a/c, and StdV-1 • Overview and Summary Information (AV-1) • Contract between Architecture Owner and Architect • Guides development of the RA • Executive level presentation of RA • DM2: Vocabulary and Semantics • Reference Architecture Document • Introduction (Content from AV-1) • Context and Relationships (Resulting Principles) • Term Definitions • Architectural Patterns • Generic Standards and profiles – policy • Use Case/Use Case Analysis • Implementation Specifics • Specific Technical Standards and Profiles • Deployment and Performance Considerations

9. http://cio-nii.defense.gov/sites/diea/ DoD IEA Website

10. REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE

11. Purpose • DoD CIO intends to use Reference Architecture as a means to provide Department-wide Guidance for architectures and solutions • Reference Architecture, as currently used within DoD… • Is defined at different levels of detail and abstraction (from specific to generalized) with… • Has little agreement and much confusion • Has multiple meanings relative to the context of the environment • To support the DoD CIO intent, a common definition of Reference Architecture is needed that… • Provides policy and direction to the DoD enterprise (commands, services, agencies) that guides and constrains architectures and solutions • Can be equally applied across the wide spectrum of DoD environments • IT/ Business and Service (SOA) domains • Warfighter domains

12. Objectives of a Reference Architecture • To direct, guide and constrain architectures and solutions within a domain • To serve as a reference foundation of concepts, components and their relationships • May be used for comparison and alignment purposes Reference Architecture • Guides and constrains the • development of Architectures and Solutions • Stakeholder • Requirements Diagram derived from: The Importance of Reference Architecture, Architecture and Change (A&C), 2007, http://www.architectureandchange.com/2007/12/29/the-importance-of-reference-architecture

13. Reference Architecture is… an authoritative source of unambiguous architecture information within a domain environment … … that guides and constrains multiple architectures and solutions… … by providing patterns of abstract architectural elements, based on a strategic purpose, principles, technical positions, together with a common vocabulary.

14. Building a Reference Architecture(The Five Components) Domain Reference Architecture Components Principles StrategicPurpose Technical Positions Authoritative Source Guides Constrains Patterns Vocabulary Architecture/ Solution “A” Architecture/ Solution “B”

15. DoDAF ModelsUtilized in RA Strategic Purpose Principles Technical Positions Patterns

16. Benefits • Authoritative source of architecture information within a problem space that guides and constrains architectures and solutions • Simplifies and standardizes solutions for complex problems by providing common repeatable patterns • Provides early, focused guidance at a sufficient level of abstraction and detail before concrete implementation decisions are known • A tool to ensure interoperable architectures and solutions based on common guidance

17. First Usage:EANCS Reference Architecture • Supports development of EANCS implementation guidance and solution architectures • “…focuses on that portion of the characteristic dealing with global authentication, authorization and access control to globally accessible resources. It is intended to guide the development of solution architectures and support the development of specific implementation guidance for achieving this capability.”

18. Enterprise-wide Access to Networks and Collaboration Services (EANCS) Reference Architecture (RA)

19. EANCS RABackground • Operational Requirements • GIG 2.0 Operational Reference Architecture (ORA) describes requirement for “Global Authentication, Access Control, and Directory Services” • Vice Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff (VCJCS) directed ability to “go anywhere [in DoD], login, and be productive” • EANCS RA to address these requirements by: • Providing basis for implementation guidance/roadmap for Enterprise Services Security Foundation (ESSF) • Describing Authentication and Authorization and Access Control to networks (NIPRNet and SIPRNet) and designated Enterprise Services (e.g., Enterprise Directory Service, Enterprise e-mail, DCO, Intelink) • Supporting implementation of an initial authentication and access control capability in 6 to 9 months for Enterprise User Initiative • Leveraging: • Common credentials for authentication (PKI/CAC for NIPR, PKI/hard-token for SIPR) • Authoritative identity attributes for authorization and access control (Attribute-Based Access Control)

20. EANCS RAPurpose and Scope • Purpose • Gain Department-wide consensus on requirements for authenticating users and authorizing user access to DoD Information Enterprise (IE) and, more specifically, to representative collaborative services, to include portals and enterprise e-mail • Describe architectural patterns to guide, standardize, and enable the most rapid and cost-effective implementations of an authentication and authorization capability in support of secure information sharing across DoD • Scope • “To  Be” Architectural Description • Document requirements, activities, and information for authentication and authorization and access control • Document “standard/common” authentication and authorization and access control processes

21. EANCS RADevelopment Approach • Architecture Owner organized Working Group (WG) • Composed of SMEs from ASD (NII)/CIO, Military Services, Joint Staff/J6, Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC), Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA), and National Security Agency (NSA) • Team members represented their stakeholder organizations • Architecture Owner worked with ERAC to establish RA purpose, perspective, and scope • WG developed Concept of Operations (CONOPS) for context • WG provided necessary architecture data/information • Existing documents served as knowledge baseline • SME knowledge and experience provided rest of information • ERAC organized collected data into DoDAF-compliant RA description • WG approved RA content (Dec 2009) • Submitted to Architecture and Standards Review Group (ASRG) for approval and federation into DoD EA

22. USE CASES EANCS RASources Federal ICAM • Legend • ESSF – Enterprise Security Services Framework • ESM – Enterprise Security Management • ICAM – Identity, Credential, and Access Management • ORA -Operational Reference Architecture Operational Requirements Process & Function ESM GIG 2.0 ORA ESSF Service Descriptions - Patterns - Rules - Technical Positions - Operational Requirements - Implementation Considerations EANCS CONOPS EANCS RA • - NIPRnet • - SIPRnet • - Deployed User • Unanticipated • User • Maritime User • VPN • ??? IMP PLAN - 6 to 9 months - Longer Period - Impacts - Metrics - Guidance IMP PLAN IMP PLAN Provide Analysis “How” To Do It “What” To Do

23. EANCS RAArchitecture Artifacts Architecture Federation Strategic Purpose Principles OV-1 (Concept – Consumer & Provider) AV-1 (Overview and Summary) OV-6a (Operational Rules Model) EANCS RA Document Patterns Technical Positions StdV-1 (Standards Profile) OV-5a (Activity Decomposition) Provides Department-level guidance for implementation of common access control elements OV-6c (Event-Trace Description) Vocabulary AV-2 (Integrated Dictionary)

24. Compliancewith DoD IEA • Development of RA guided by Department’s Net-centric vision “to function as one unified DoD Enterprise, creating an information advantage” for DoD, its people, and its mission partners, as described in DoD IEA • Alignment with DoD IEA “built-in” during RA development IAW DoD IEA Appendix D • Compliance with DoD IEA documented in IAW DoD IEA Appendix E

25. DoD Information Enterprise Architecture (IEA)

26. Purpose • Unify the concepts embedded in the DoD’s net-centric strategies into a common vision • Drive common solutions and promote consistency • Describe the integrated Defense Information Enterprise and the rules for information assets and resources that enable it • Foster alignment of DoD architectures with the enterprise net-centric vision • DoD Net-centric Vision • To function as one unified DoD Enterprise, creating an information advantage for our people and mission partners by providing: • A rich information sharing environment in which data and services are visible, accessible, understandable, and trusted across the enterprise. • An available and protected network infrastructure (the GIG) that enables responsive information-centric operations using dynamic and interoperable communications and computing capabilities.

27. Background • Major Net-Centric Strategies • DoD IEA v1.0 (Approved 11 April 2008) • Established five priority areas for realizing net-centric goals • Provided key principles, rules, and activities for priority areas • Positioned as a tool to guide the net-centric transformation of the Information Enterprise (IE) • DoD IEA v1.1 (Approved 27 May 2009) • Describes a process for applying the DoD IEA content (App D) • Describes compliance areas and criteria (App E) • Provides activity mapping between the DoD IEA and the NCOW RM (App F)

28. Audience &Intended Use • IT Architects • Align architecture with the DoD IEA • Apply DoD IEA content (rules, activities, etc) to guide and constrain information enterprise solutions • Managers of IT Programs (PM, PEO, etc.) • Use the DoD IEA to support program design, development, and implementation • Through solution architectures properly aligned with the DoD IEA • IT Decision-Makers (CPM, IRB, CIO, etc.) • Use the DoD IEA to support investment decisions • Through enterprise and solution architectures properly aligned with the DoD IEA

29. DoD IEA v1.2(Draft) • Adds DoD EA Compliance Requirements (Appendix G) • Compliance with DoD IEA • Compliance with Capability and Component EAs • Compliance with the DISR • Compliance with Mandatory Core and Shared Designated DoD Enterprise Services (ES) • Architecture Registration Requirements • Provides a table of Mandatory Core and Shared Designated DoD ES • Adds content to the Rules, App D, and App E to maintain consistency with App G Draft

30. Applying the DoD IEA(Appendix D)

31. Applying the DoD IEAEstablish Net Centric Context for EANCS RA • Relevant DoD IEA Priority Areas • Secured Availability (SA) • Data and Services Deployment (DSD) • Net-Centric Assumptions • Portable identity credentials will be used to support user authentication • Authorization attributes have already been defined, collected, regularly updated, and made available through standard interfaces from reliable attribute sources • Understand Net-Centric Concepts • Align with Net-Centric Vision • Identify Net-Centric Assumptions Consumer/ User Perspective OV-1 (Operational Concept Graphic) • Identify DoD IE Perspective for Architecture • Develop Net-Centric Operational Concept Provider/ Producer Perspective • Relevant JCAs • Net-Centric/Enterprise Services/Core Enterprise Services/User Access • Net-Centric/Information Assurance • Align with JCA Taxonomy

32. Applying the DoD IEAAlign EANCS RADescription with DoD IEA • Guiding Principles and Rules for RA • Data assets, services, and applications on the GIG shall be visible, accessible, understandable, and trusted to authorized (including unanticipated) users. (DoD IEA, GP 03) • Global missions and globally dispersed users require global network reach. Information Assurance mechanisms and processes must be designed, implemented, and operated so as to enable a seamless Defense Information Enterprise. (DoD IEA, SAP 03) • Authoritative data assets, services, and applications shall be accessible to all authorized users in the Department of Defense, and accessible except where limited by law, policy, security classification, or operational necessity. (DoD IEA, DSDR 01) • All DoD information services and applications must uniquely and persistently digitally identify and authenticate users and devices. These services, applications, and networks shall enforce authorized access to information and other services or devices according to specified access control rules and quality of protection requirements for all individuals, organizations, COIs, automated services, and devices. (DoD IEA, SAR 07) • Incorporate applicable DoD IEA Principles • Apply DoD IEA Rules Oversee Authentication Initiatives • Align Operational Activities and Processes with related DoD IEA Activities Constrain A2.8.4 Manage Authentication Processes A2.8.4.1 • DoD IEA Terminology • DoD Net-Centric Vision • DoD IE Perspective • User/Consumer • Producer/Provider • Priority Areas • Data and Services Deployment • Secured Availability Oversee Privilege Mgmt Initiatives • Use net-centric terminology in architecture description OV-6c (Event-Trace Description) A2.8.5

33. Compliance with the DoD IEA (Appendix E) • Compliance is about conveying the application of DoD IEA Principles, Rules, and Activities • Use the process described in App D and provided in App E, Tab A • Questions that expose the compliance process and application of DoD IEA content are captured in the Enhanced ISP tool • Assessment of compliance is based on: • Completed Compliance table • ISP and Architecture • EISP Report

34. Compliance w/the DoD IEA Tab A to Appendix E: DoD IEA Compliance Assessment Table

35. Compliance with the DoD IEAEANCS RA Example • Incorporated description of key alignment aspects into RA document • Added section describing RA alignment with JCAs and DoD IEA Priority Areas • Added text descriptions of how process patterns align with DoD IEA activities into pattern discussions • Filled out Tab A Compliance Matrix for RA • Developed eISP excerpt for RA • Used “Guidance for DoD Information Enterprise Architecture in EISP 2.0” to identify and locate DoD IEA questions to be answered • Incorporated information and text from RA document • Generated compliance matrix using Xml2PDF 2007 application and ISP_DoD_IEA_Compliance_Table style sheet

36. Initiatives and Projects • Reference Architecture Description • Comment Adjudication for ASRG Approval • DoD IEA • Comment Adjudication (v1.2) for DCIO Approval • Work on future versions of the DoD IEA • EANCS RA • Delivered to owner; now in FAC/ASRG approval process • Document Process for Developing RA • Describe the process used to develop the EANCS RA • FEA BRM Extension • Extend DoD LOBs for the FEA BRM • Recommended changes provided to OMB FEA for action

37. DoD IEA Site:http://cio-nii.defense.gov/sites/diea/Questions?

38. BACKUP SLIDES

39. Information Enterprise Services and Infrastructure Architecture 1 January 2020

40. DRAFT IE Service/Infrastructure Context Diagram Defense Intel Defense Intel Human Computer Interaction Mission Partners NetOps NetOps Mission Partners Business Business Warfighter Warfighter Command & Control Portfolio Force Application Portfolio Mission & Business IT Battlespace Awareness Portfolio Force Support Portfolio Corporate Mgmt & Support Portfolio Building Partnerships Portfolio Logistics Portfolio Protection Portfolio Functional Capability Enterprise Services Information Sharing Messaging Portal Collaboration Mediation Content Delivery Discovery People/Service Discovery Content Discovery Metadata Discovery Geospatial Visualization Enterprise Management Services Management Resource Management Content Handling Enterprise Services Security Foundation Enterprise Services & Infrastructure Mandatory Core & Shared Enterprise Services (ES) Computing & Communications Infrastructure • NetOps Infrastructure • Enterprise Management • Content Management • Net Assurance • IA Infrastructure • Dynamic Policy Management • Assured Resource Allocation • Mgmt of IA Assets and Mechanisms

41. Use Enterprise Services Framework to Organize and Focus ES Efforts Enterprise Services Security Foundation (ESSF)

42. Use ESSF Segment Architecture to Organize and Focus Security Efforts

43. Development Approach • Describe the components of the context diagram • Build use cases based on GIG 2.0 Attributes to establish relationships between its functional components (Mandatory Core & Shared Enterprise Services) • Global Authentication, Access Control, and Directory Services • Information and Services From The Edge • Joint Infrastructure • Common Policies and Standards • Unity of Command • Analyze use cases through identification, sequencing, and prioritization of functional components to develop key or foundational Services first • Apply analysis to prioritize and manage: • Reference Architecture Development (Principles, Technical Positions, Patterns) • Sequence and Monitor Initiatives, Projects, and Programs • Identify Issues, Gaps, and Shortfalls

44. Apply Enterprise Services & Infrastructure to GIG 2.0 Requirements through Use Cases Computing & Communications Infrastructure Enterprise Services Foundation Enterprise Security Services Foundation

45. Collaboration Services Use Case Example(EANCS) Document Sharing Desktop/ Browser User Printer Capability End User Device (EUD) Office Automation Applications Local Access Request (Logon) Storage e-Mail Authorization Decision Request Policy Constrained Access + Authentication Factors Collaboration Authentication Decision Response Resource Metadata Response Secondary Authentication (if required) ESSF Authorization & Access Control ESSF Authentication Environmental Data Response Portable Identity Credential Resource Access Policy Response Enterprise Directory Mission Manager Credential Validation Response User Attribute Response Portal Identity Information Policy Management Indicates Dependency ESSF Digital Identity ESSF Credentialing Identity Updates

46. Sample Use Case (Content Request) Information Sharing Discovery 1 Content Discovery Portal 3 10 4 User Mediation 9 2 Content Delivery 8 7 6 Content Mgmt Enterprise Management Infrastructure 5 Authentication Authorization & Access Control Enterprise Services Security Framework

47. DRAFT IE Service/Infrastructure Context Diagram Defense Intel Defense Intel Human Computer Interaction Mission Partners NetOps NetOps Mission Partners Business Business Warfighter Warfighter Command & Control Portfolio Force Application Portfolio Battlespace Awareness Portfolio Mission & Business IT Force Support Portfolio Corporate Mgmt & Support Portfolio Building Partnerships Portfolio Logistics Portfolio Protection Portfolio Functional Capability Enterprise Services Information Sharing Messaging Portal Collaboration Mediation Content Delivery Discovery People/Service Discovery Content Discovery Metadata Discovery Geospatial Visualization Enterprise Management Services Management Resource Management Content Handling SAR SA EANCS RA Enterprise Services Security Foundation Enterprise Services & Infrastructure EU Mandatory Core & Shared Enterprise Services (ES) AD Opt Arch ITI Opt Arch Computing & Communications Infrastructure • NetOps Infrastructure • Enterprise Management • Content Management • Net Assurance • IA Infrastructure • Dynamic Policy Management • Assured Resource Allocation • Mgmt of IA Assets and Mechanisms