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HIPPO is the Flagship for the Geomaterials Focus Area at Lujan Center

HIPPO is the Flagship for the Geomaterials Focus Area at Lujan Center. High pressure-high temperature diffraction is needed to meet BES and DP goals to understand ultrahigh pressure materials Examples of high impact user research

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HIPPO is the Flagship for the Geomaterials Focus Area at Lujan Center

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  1. HIPPO is the Flagship for the Geomaterials Focus Area at Lujan Center • High pressure-high temperature diffraction is needed to meet BES and DP goals to understand ultrahigh pressure materials • Examples of high impact user research • H.R. Wenk (UC Berkeley)Geology33, 273-276 (2005) Meteorite shock texture • W. Mao (LANL) & RJ. Mao (Carnegie), Science297, 2247-9 (2002) Gas hydrates • R. Hemley (Carnegie), YS Zhao (LANL) APL86, 052505 wustite magnetism @ 20 GPa • W Mao (LANL) & RJ Mao (Carnegie), PNAS101, 708-710 (2004) H storage compounds INSTRUMENTATION & PERSONNEL High Pressure Yusheng Zhao HIPPO Sven Vogel FDS Luc Daemen NPDF Thomas Proffen SPECTROMETER DEVELOPMENT TEAMS AND SPONSORS REFLECT DIVERSITY HIPPO: UCBerkeley, UCDavis, BES NPDF: UPenn, UVirginia, NSF, LDRD, BES FDS: LDRD, BES High Pressure: LANL-DP, LDRD, BES EDUCATION LANSCE Neutron Scattering School HIPPO workshops from Lujan Center in the SNS Era Workshop September 17-19, 2006, Santa Fe FDS: Currently competitive with TOSCA (ISIS). “Until the SNS VISION spectrometer comes on line in 2012-2013 FDS will play an important role in satisfying the [research] demand … in hydrogen materials.” Diffraction: “Three diffractometers, NPDF, HIPPO, and PCS have unique diffraction and sample-environment capabilities and experimental focus not found anywhere in the world; they will be fully competitive for a long time to come.”

  2. Neutron texture measurements determine direction of meteorite impact HIPPO specializes in texture at high temperature and pressure HIPPO Sven Vogel instrument scientist • Scientific Challenge • Vredefort impact crater in South Africa is 2 billion years old • Shock-modified minerals exist in the crater • Can one determine the direction of impact from the shock modifications? • Approach • Measure texture of Vredefort quartzite • Compare to texture of lab-shocked quartzite • Determine stiffness of various directions in quartzite • Result • Texture of Vredefort meteorite is similar to lab-compressed quartzite • Direction of shock wave can be determined from texture • 1Wenk, H. R., 1Lonardelli, I.,2Vogel, S. C., 1Tullis, J., “Dauphine twinning as evidence for an impact origin of preferred orientation in quartzite: An example from Vredefort, South Africa”, Geology33, 273-276 (2005) • 1University of California at Berkeley • 2Los Alamos National Laboratory Shock direction [0111] Samples “remember” shock direction by texture anisotropy

  3. Spectrometer for Materials Research at Temperature and Stress (SMARTS)

  4. SMARTS is used to study nonlinear mechanical behavior of geomaterials.

  5. A “glassy” phase in sandstone has been discovered through PDF Measurements on NPDF. • Goal: Relate unusual acoustic properties to local atomic structure. • Technique: Pair Distribution Function (PDF) measured on NPDF gives local structural information. • Result: Evidence for a “glassy” phase in Fontainebleau sandstone rock. Excess Si-O and O-O nearest neighbors indicating “glassy” contribution. K.L. Page, Th. Proffen, S.E. McLain, T.W. Darling and J.A. TenCate,Local Atomic Structure of Fontainebleau Sandstone: Evidence for an Amorphous Phase?, Geophysical Research Lett. (2004).

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