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The Spanish Missions

The Spanish Missions. 1680’s – 1760’s. Mission. Religious communities Used to convert the American Indians to Catholicism worship, speak English, read, write, Spanish songs and dances, and farming Built near rivers Most built along the Rio Grande or in East Texas

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The Spanish Missions

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  1. The Spanish Missions 1680’s – 1760’s

  2. Mission • Religious communities • Used to convert the American Indians to Catholicism • worship, speak English, read, write, Spanish songs and dances, and farming • Built near rivers • Most built along the Rio Grande or in East Texas • Many Indians attacked rather than change their culture • Schedule: • 7am-8 am=religious services • 8am-6pm=work • 6pm-7pm=prayers and dinner

  3. Presidios Military bases Built of adobe, stone and timber Stockade-wall surrounding the fort Protected several missions from Indian attacks Soldiers job- protect the mission and supervise Indians

  4. Civil Settlements and ranchos Provided products and services for missions and presidios Well defined streets that led past homes and buildings Ayuntamiento – governing council Alcalde – mayor, sheriff, and judge

  5. The French in East Texas • 1682 – French explorer La Salle sailed down the Mississippi River and into the Gulf of Mexico • Claimed all Mississippi lowlands for France • Named the region “Louisiana” for King Louis XIV • In order to expand Louisiana, La Salle also claimed East Texas • Shh…it’s a secret • Matagorda Bay – Obese-ly Fat

  6. La Salle and Fort St. Louis • Established Fort St. Louis • Small houses, fort, chapel with 8 cannons • No supplies • Attacks by Karankawa • La Salle murdered by his own men • Ended in disaster • But… • Gave France a claim to Texas • Challenged Spain's empire north of the Rio Grande

  7. Spain answers back • Hasinai = Tejas • Alonso de Leon and Father Massanet claimed East Texas for Spain • Built San Francisco de los Tejas to convert the Tejas • Droughts and floods ruin crops • Deaths due to disease • Tension amongst Spaniards and the Tejas • Tejas did not want religious instruction • Spaniards burned mission to ground in 1693 • First Spanish mission in East Texas ended in failure

  8. Spain in East Texas • Sent priests, soldiers and their wives, and civilians • Brought gifts for the Tejas • Built Nuestro Padre San Francisco de los Tejas and five other missions • Built Nuestra Senora de los Dolores de los Tejas presidio

  9. Spanish in San Antonio • Needed missions in between East Texas and the Rio Grande • Martin de Alarcon (governor or Texas), in 1718, built a mission along the San Antonio River • San Antonio de Valero-mission • San Antonio de Bexar-presidio • Villa de Bexar-civil settlement • Became the most successful missions in Texas • Named road between the East Texas, San Antonio and the Rio Grande El Camino Real, or the Royal Road

  10. 1718! 1718! 1718! 1718! 1718! 1718! Martin de Alarcon established a mission and presidio at the site of present day San Antonio

  11. Routes of first Texas roads Many Spanish place names Catholic heritage and missions Examples of Spanish Influence in Texas Culture (architecture, art, food, language, music) Cattle ranching traditions and terms Legal traditions

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