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East Asia Review

East Asia Review. These are questions regarding China, Korea and Japan from the 1998-2008 Regents. Question 1. In China, the development of civil service examinations and a belief in filial piety reflect the influence of (1) Shinto (3) Confucianism (2) Animism (4) Buddhism. Question 2.

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East Asia Review

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  1. East Asia Review These are questions regarding China, Korea and Japan from the 1998-2008 Regents

  2. Question 1 • In China, the development of civil service examinations and a belief in filial piety reflect the influence of • (1) Shinto (3) Confucianism • (2) Animism (4) Buddhism

  3. Question 2 • One way in which the travels of Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta are similar is that they resulted in • (1) an increased interest in different cultures • (2) the development of slavery • (3) a reduction in trade • (4) the discovery East Asia

  4. Question 3 • The Portuguese control of Macao and the British control of Hong Kong in China are examples of • (1) collectivization (3) self-determination • (2) imperialism (4) containment

  5. Question 4 • Commodore Matthew Perry’s visits to Japan in • 1853 and 1854 resulted in the • (1) colonization of Japan by the United States • (2) transfer of spheres of influence to China • (3) introduction of Christianity to Japanese • society • (4) opening of trade and diplomatic relations • with Japan

  6. Question 5 • A primary reason for Japan’s involvement in the • Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War was to • (1) acquire natural resources in Manchuria and • Korea • (2) control trade and markets in Southeast Asia • (3) end Japan’s policy of isolationism • (4) remove foreign invaders from Japanese soil

  7. Question 6 • “. . . Seventy thousand people were killed • instantly, and many more would die — 60,000 by • November and another 70,000 by 1950. Most of • them would be victims of a new method of killing • — radiation. . . .” — Ronald Takai • The situation described in this passage was the • direct result of which World War II event? • (1) blitz of London • (2) attack on Pearl Harbor • (3) D-Day invasion of Normandy • (4) bombing of Hiroshima

  8. Question 7 • In 1989, the government of China responded to • the challenge of protests in Tiananmen Square by • (1) halting trade with the West • (2) allowing democratic elections • (3) sending in tanks and troops to end the • demonstrations • (4) calling for a special session of the United • Nations Security Council

  9. Question 8 • Confucianism had a strong impact on the • development of China mainly because this • philosophy • (1) established a basic structure for military rule • (2) provided a basis for social order • (3) contained the framework for a communist • government • (4) stressed the importance of the individual

  10. Question 9 • A major reason for Zheng He’s voyages during the 15th century was to • (1) promote trade and collect tribute • (2) establish colonies in Africa and India • (3) seal off China’s borders from foreign • influence • (4) prove the world was round

  11. Question 10 • What was one impact of industrialization on • Japan during the Meiji Restoration? • (1) Japan became more isolated from world • affairs. • (2) Demand for natural resources increased. • (3) Japan became a colonial possession of China. • (4) Traditional practices of Bushido were • reintroduced

  12. Question 11 • The Four Modernizations of Deng Xiaoping in • the 1970s and 1980s resulted in • (1) an emphasis on the Five Relationships • (2) a return to Maoist revolutionary principles • (3) a move toward increased capitalism • (4) the end of the communist system of • Government

  13. Question 12 • One way in which Ho Chi Minh, Fidel Castro, and Kim Jong Il are similar is that each • (1) set up democratic governments • (2) used Marxist political principles • (3) overthrew a ruling monarch • (4) promoted Confucian principles

  14. Question 13 • Which geographic factor had the most influence on the development of Inca society and Japanese society? • (1) frequent monsoons • (2) large deserts • (3) mountainous topography • (4) tropical climate

  15. Question 14 • One way in which the Sepoy Mutiny in India, the • Zulu resistance in southern Africa, and the Boxer • Rebellion in China are similar is that each • resulted from • (1) government policies of ethnic cleansing • (2) attempts by democratic forces to overthrow • the monarchy • (3) native reaction to foreign interference in the • region • (4) government denial of access to fertile • farmland

  16. Question 15 • Which belief is most closely associated with the philosophy of Confucianism? • (1) nirvana (3) prayer • (2) reincarnation (4) filial piety

  17. Question 16 • The terms Bushido, samurai, and daimyo are most closely associated with which group in Japanese history? • (1) emperors (3) peasants • (2) warriors (4) merchants

  18. Question 17 • One similarity between the Sepoy Mutiny and the Boxer Rebellion is that they • (1) opposed European imperialism • (2) ended an established dynasty • (3) resulted in the redistribution of land • (4) instituted communist governments

  19. Question 18 • A similarity between the Polish group Solidarity • in 1980 and the Chinese protesters in Tiananmen Square in 1989 is that both groups • (1) supported movements for democracy • (2) succeeded in ending communism • (3) encouraged military occupation by the Soviet • Union • (4) favored increases in military spending

  20. Question 19 • The status of Hong Kong changed in July 1997 when the city • (1) was returned to China • (2) was closed to international trade • (3) became an independent nation • (4) adopted a capitalist economy

  21. Question 20 • Kim Jong Il and Fidel Castro are 21st-century leaders who believe in the ideas of • (1) Karl Marx • (2) Adam Smith • (3) Siddhartha Gautama • (4) Jean-Jacques Rousseau

  22. Question 21 • One similarity between the ancient civilizations in Egypt and in China is that they developed • (1) nomadic lifestyles • (2) monotheistic belief systems • (3) democratic governments • (4) written forms of communication

  23. Question 22 • Which statement about the geography of Japan is most accurate? • (1) Location has made it easy to invade. • (2) The irregular coastline has many natural • harbors. • (3) Large plains are its primary physical feature. • (4) Earthquakes do not threaten the islands.

  24. Question 23 • What was one long-term impact of Marco Polo’s • visit to China? • (1) The Chinese began construction of the Great • Wall. • (2) The principle of divine right was introduced • to China. • (3) Christianity rapidly spread throughout the • Yuan Empire. • (4) Europeans increased trade with China.

  25. Question 24 • During the 19th century, European nations • established spheres of influence in China mainly • to • (1) profit from the ivory trade • (2) introduce Islam to the Chinese people • (3) gain commercial advantages in China • (4) obtain human rights for Chinese citizens

  26. Question 25 In China, Deng Xiaoping’s Four Modernizations led to (1) a decrease in industrialization (2) a decreased interest in investments by foreign businesses (3) an increase in the emphasis on collective farming (4) an increased use of free-market practices

  27. Question 26 • The ancient cultures of both the Incas and the • Chinese adapted to the physical geography of • their region by • (1) developing terrace farming on hillsides • (2) building chariots to protect their open plains • against invaders • (3) becoming maritime traders • (4) constructing harbors to encourage exploration

  28. Question 27 • What was a direct result of the Opium War in • 19th-century China? • (1) Japan gained control of Hong Kong. • (2) Kublai Khan rose to power in China. • (3) Chinese ports were opened for trade with • European powers. • (4) Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) fled to Taiwan.

  29. Question 28 • Which pair of leaders used political purges, • including the killing of opposition groups, as a • means of maintaining control of the government? • (1) Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen) and Emperor • Hirohito • (2) Joseph Stalin and Mao Zedong • (3) Simón Bolívar and Bernardo O’Higgins • (4) F. W. de Klerk and Indira Gandhi

  30. Question 29 • One similarity between animism and Shinto is that people who follow these belief systems • (1) practice filial piety • (2) worship spirits in nature • (3) are monotheistic • (4) are required to make pilgrimages

  31. Question 30 • Buddhist temples are found in Japan. • Most Indonesians study the Koran. • Catholicism is the dominant religion in Latin • America. • These statements illustrate a result of • (1) westernization • (2) cultural diffusion • (3) economic nationalism • (4) fundamentalism

  32. Question 31 • Both European medieval knights and Japanese samurai warriors pledged oaths of • (1) loyalty to their military leader • (2) devotion to their nation-state • (3) service to their church • (4) allegiance to their families

  33. Question 32 • Egypt builds the Aswan Dam to control • flooding and produce hydroelectric power. • China builds the Three Gorges Dam to control • flooding and improve trade. • Brazil builds the Tucuruí Dam in the tropical • rain forest to produce hydroelectric power. • Which conclusion can be drawn from these • statements? • (1) Societies often modify their environment to • meet their needs. • (2) Monsoons are needed for the development of • societies. • (3) Topography creates challenges that societies • are unable to overcome. • (4) Land features influence the development of • diverse belief systems.

  34. Question 33 • One way in which the Tang dynasty, the Gupta • Empire, and the European Renaissance are • similar is that they all included periods of • (1) religious unity • (2) democratic reforms • (3) economic isolation • (4) cultural achievements

  35. Question 34 • Which pair of belief systems share a belief that spirits reside in natural objects and forms? • (1) Hinduism and Confucianism • (2) Islam and Judaism • (3) Shintoism and animism • (4) Christianity and Buddhism

  36. Question 35 • Which statement about the Tang dynasty is a fact • rather than an opinion? • (1) Technical advances would have been greater • if the Tang dynasty had lasted longer. • (2) China’s best emperors came from the Tang • dynasty. • (3) The Tang emperors granted government jobs • to scholars who passed examinations. • (4) The culture of the Tang dynasty was superior • to that of the Han dynasty.

  37. Question 36 • What was a long-term impact of Marco Polo’s • trips to China? • (1) The Silk Roads replaced the all-water route • to Asia. • (2) The Chinese forced the Europeans to trade • only in Peking. • (3) China was isolated from other countries. • (4) Trade increased between China and Europe.

  38. Question 37 • The Sepoy Rebellion was to India as the Boxer Rebellion was to • (1) Russia (3) Japan • (2) China (4) Italy

  39. Question 38 • One reason for Japan’s rapid industrialization during the Meiji Restoration was that Japan had • (1) rejected Western ideas • (2) used its access to the sea for fishing • (3) relied on traditional isolationist policies • (4) reformed its political and economic systems

  40. Question 39 • One reason the Japanese followed a policy of expansionism before World War II was to gain • (1) warm-water ports • (2) control of Tibet • (3) additional natural resources • (4) control of the Suez Canal

  41. Question 40 • “Korea Divided at 38th Parallel” • “Hungarian Revolution Crushed” • “Missile Sites Spotted in Cuba” • The events in these headlines contributed to the • (1) development of peacetime alliances • (2) collapse of the Soviet Union • (3) rejection of imperialism by Western nations • (4) tensions between the superpowers

  42. Question 41 • One reason the Chinese Communists were able to gain control of China was primarily due to the support of the • (1) peasants (3) foreigners • (2) landed elite (4) warlords

  43. Question 42 • Which nation had the greatest influence on the recent histories of Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Tibet? • (1) India (3) China • (2) South Korea (4) Russia

  44. Question 43 • “. . . We cannot and must not allow ourselves to • have the message of Hiroshima and Nagasaki • fade completely from our minds, and we cannot • allow our vision or ideals to fade, either. For if we • do, we have but one course left for us. And that • flash of light will not only rob us of our vision, but • it will rob us of our lives, our progeny • [descendants], and our very existence.” • — Tadatoshi Akiba, Mayor of Hiroshima • With which issue is Mayor Akiba most concerned? • (1) depletion of the ozone layer • (2) treatment of infectious diseases • (3) nuclear proliferation • (4) international terrorism

  45. Question 44 • Both Inca farmers and Japanese farmers adapted • a geographic feature of their countries by • (1) engaging in overseas expansion • (2) growing crops suited to desert climates • (3) building terraces into the mountainsides • (4) reclaiming land from the sea by building dikes

  46. Question 45 • Which civilization first developed a civil service • system, invented gunpowder, and manufactured • porcelain? • (1) Aztec (3) Japanese • (2) Chinese (4) Roman

  47. Question 46 • Which two belief systems teach that there are spirits in nature? • (1) Shinto and animism • (2) Hinduism and Confucianism • (3) Judaism and Christianity • (4) Islam and Buddhism

  48. Question 47 • Historians value the writings of Marco Polo and • Ibn Battuta because they • (1) serve as primary sources about trade and • culture • (2) provide the basis for European holy books • (3) include advice on how to be a democratic • ruler • (4) present unbiased views of life in Africa and • Asia

  49. Question 48 • “. . . I am willing to admit my pride in this • accomplishment for Japan. The facts are these: • It was not until the sixth year of Kaei (1853) that • a steamship was seen for the first time; it was only • in the second year of Ansei (1855) that we began • to study navigation from the Dutch in Nagasaki; • by 1860, the science was sufficiently understood • to enable us to sail a ship across the Pacific. This • means that about seven years after the first sight • of a steamship, after only about five years of • practice, the Japanese people made a trans- • Pacific crossing without help from foreign • experts. I think we can without undue pride • boast before the world of this courage and skill. • As I have shown, the Japanese officers were to • receive no aid from Captain Brooke throughout • the voyage. Even in taking observations, our • officers and the Americans made them • independently of each other. Sometimes they • compared their results, but we were never in the • least dependent on the Americans. . . .” • — Eiichi Kiyooka, trans., The Autobiography of • Fukuzawa Yukichi, The Hokuseido Press, 1934

  50. Question 48 • Which set of events is most closely associated • with the nation described in this passage? • (1) end of the Opium War → creation of • European spheres of influence • (2) end of the Tokugawa Shogunate →beginning • of the Meiji Restoration • (3) fall of the Manchus → rise of Sun Yixian • (Sun Yat-sen) • (4) imperialism in China →start of World War II

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