- European CDM -

1. - European CDM - Updated ETAs To benefit from the animation settings contained within this presentation we suggest you view using the slide show option. To start the show click ‘View - Slide Show’. next page

2. - European CDM - Updated ETAs The aim of this presentation is to illustrate the need for information sharing and information management to support CDM, by focusing on a single item: Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA). next step Shared, accurate estimates of flight arrival times enable collaboration in processes such as Optimisation of Arrivals and Stand/Gate Management. Collaborative Decision Making www.euro-cdm.org Visit the European CDM website at for more information next page

3. Introduction This presentation focuses onEstimated Time of Arrival (ETA). What is ETA? next step In this presentation we define a flight’s ETA as the estimated time at which it is expected to touch down on the runway. next step Here, ETA is different from the time at which the flight is expected to arrive at the gate – that is Estimated In-Block Time (EIBT). These two estimated times are closely related – most often by rule-of-thumb estimates of taxi time from touchdown to gate. next step Why is ETA important? next step ETA is important as a basis for the planning processes of many different actors in the operation and management of a flight as it arrives at an airport. An accurate ETA is important not only to ATC but also to Stand/Gate Managers and Airport/Airline ground staff, as it enables them to estimate EIBT accurately. next step Shared, accurate estimates of arrival times enable processes such as Optimisation of Arrivals and Stand and Gate Management to becomecollaborative. next page

4. Introduction This presentation uses ETAas an example to illustrate the need for information sharing and information management to support CDM. It considers the evolution of ETA through the life of a flight from schedule, through flight planning, departure and in-flight. The next slide animates an example of what might happen at present. next step ` It shows what information concerning a flight’s ETA is available, at each stage, to each of the actors in the operation and management of the flight. The example involves a flight departing from its home base - actual operational details vary between different airports, airlines and ATS providers. The actors in the example are: next step AOC- the Airline Operations Centre, located at its home base, responsible for efficient operation of the Airline’s schedule. Station Manager- the Airline operations staff located at the arrival airport, responsible for its operations there. The Pilot of the flight. CFMU- the European Central Flow Management Unit in Brussels. Departure ATC- Tower ATC at the departure airport. En-Route ATC- each of the ATC centres that controls the flight along its route. Approach ATC & Destination Tower- the ATC Units controlling arrivals at the destination airport. Stand & Gate Manager- responsible for allocating stands and gates to flights using the airport. next step The details of the examplearen’t really important, but notice howeach actor maintains its own estimate of the flight’s ETA, so that: • at any given time, different actors have different views of the situation; • some actors are unaware of the latest updates to the expected arrival time. next page

5. At present... (Click to move on at each stage) All pre-tactical planning is based on the AOC’s schedule The boxes show the information held by each actor. Italics denote information received via another actor. AOC generates an Operational Flight Plan (OFP) and files CFMU Flight Plan (FPL) – both include first tactical estimates of ETA (ETA1) CFMU AOC Departure ATC Pilot • schedule • schedule • FPL/ETA1 • OFP/ETA1 • OFP/ETA1 • CTOT • CTOT • FPL/CTOT • CTOT CFMU issues slot (CTOT), distributes FPL • new EOBT • new EOBT • new EOBT AOC orPILOTannounces delay because previous flight is running late; AOC issues new Estimated Off-Blocks Time (new EOBT) • new CTOT • new CTOT • new CTOT • new CTOT • AOBT • AOBT • AOBT • ATD • ATD • ATD • ETA2 - meteo • ETA2 - meteo CFMU issues new Slot Time (new CTOT) and distributes it • ETA5 (final) Flight pushes back : Actual Off Blocks Time (AOBT) • ATA Flight completes taxi and takes off : Actual Time of Departure (ATD); Departure ATC sends ATD to CFMU En-Route ATC Approach ATC & Destination Tower Station Manager Stand & Gate Manager • schedule • schedule AOC receives updated meteo information, revises its estimate of arrival time, issues ETA2 • ETA1 • FPL/CTOT • FPL/CTOT • new EOBT • new CTOT • new CTOT Flight enters FIR surrounding arrival airport; en-route ATC updates its estimates, giving ETA3 • ETA2 - meteo • ETA3 (FIR entry) • ETA3 (FIR entry) • ETA4 (APP) Flight enters Approach airspace; Approach ATC (APP) plans flight’s arrival, giving ETA4 • ETA5 (final) • ETA5 (final) • ETA5 (final) • ATA • ATA • ATA APP clears flight for final approach, issues ETA5 Flight lands : Actual Time of Arrival (ATA) next page

6. A CDM Network So, in the current system, at any given time different actors may have different “latest” information about a flight’s ETA (for example). This means they have different views of the situation — a barrier to effective collaboration. As an illustration, note the benefits already realised from CFMU’s distribution of flight plan information to all ATC units. Further benefits are anticipated from ETFMS (Enhanced Traffic Flow Management System) which will extend distribution to include updates in the tactical timescale. next step The next slide shows how the current situation would be improved by information sharing supported by a CDM Network. It animates the same example again, but this time: • all actors publish their latest information on a network, • all actors have access to the latest information about a flight, • and hence there is a common view of the situation, shared by all actors. next page

7. Under CDM... All pre-tactical planning is based on the AOC’s schedule AOC generates an Operational Flight Plan (OFP) and files CFMU Flight Plan (FPL) – both include first tactical estimates of ETA (ETA1) [Click to move on at each stage] CFMU issues slot (CTOT), distributes FPL Pilot DepartureATC AOC orPILOTannounces delay because previous flight is running late; AOC issues new Estimated Off-Blocks Time (new EOBT) CFMU CFMU issues new Slot Time (new CTOT) and distributes it En-Route ATC CDM Network Flight pushes back : Actual Off Blocks Time (AOBT) schedule new EOBT AOBT new CTOT OFP/ETA1 ETA2 CTOT ETA3 ETA4 ATD ATA ETA5 Flight completes taxi and takes off : Actual Time of Departure (ATD); Departure ATC sends ATD to CFMU AOC Station Manager AOC receives updated meteo information, revises its estimate of arrival time, issues ETA2 Approach ATC & Destination TWR Flight enters FIR surrounding arrival airport; en-route ATC updates its estimates, giving ETA3 Stand & Gate Manager Flight enters Approach airspace; Approach ATC (APP) plans flight’s arrival, giving ETA4 APP clears flight for final approach, issues ETA5 Flight lands : Actual Time of Arrival (ATA) next page

8. Notes Information sharing of this kind enables all actors to share the same, up-to-date view of the situation. But furthermore, the quality of estimate can be improved. next step By pooling the information held by a number of different actors with different viewpoints, it would be possible to provide all of them with a better estimate of arrival time. For example: • the Airline has the best information about the cruising speed at which its aircraft will fly, • ATC has the best information about constraints that will be imposed on the flight. Putting these two pieces of information together provides a better estimate of arrival time than can be made by either actor alone. next page

9. Conclusion Shared, improved estimates of flight arrival times: • will enable better planning and management of resources by all actors (AOC, CFMU, ATC (En-Route, Approach and Tower), Airport Stand and Gate Managers, Flight Handling, Passenger and Baggage Handling); next step • will enable collaborative processes such as Optimisation of Arrivals, Stand and Gate Management; next step • can feed on to improve estimates of timing for following flights, increasing benefits for AOC, CFMU and ATC. - End of Presentation -