Further Development

Further Development Translation Grammar

Translation 健康对于幸福来说是非常重要的。 Health is essential to happiness. 水对于生命来说非常重要。 Water is essential to life.

Translation 对我来说戒烟是一种挑战。 It is a challenge for me to quit smoking. 对妈妈来说，减肥是一种挑战。 It’s a challenge for my mother to lose weight.

Translation 尽力避免危险 Try to avoid danger. 尽量避开那些不易相处的人。 Try to avoid those who are not easy to get along with.

Translation 经常熬夜对健康有害。 Staying up late constantly is harmful to health. 抽烟对健康有害。 Smoking is harmful to your health.

Translation 她经常发脾气。 She often loses her temper. 一名合格的教师总能在学生面前控制脾气。 A qualified teacher can always keep his temper in front of the students.

Translation 在贫困的压力下他开始奋斗。 He began to work hard under the stress of poverty. 长期处于压力之下对身体不好。 It’s bad for one’s health to be under stress for a long time.

Translation 在炎热的气侯里，植物不浇水容易枯死。 Plants tend to die in hot weather if you do not water them. 每星期一早晨，她倾向于早来上班。 She tends to come to work early on every Monday morning.

Translation 她总是很注重衣着。 She is always conscious of her clothes. 他总是很关注世界上发生的事。 He is always conscious of the world affairs.

Grammar 状语从句 ——时间状语从句和地点状语从句一、概述状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当，来修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词等。状语从句都由从属连词引导，与主句连接，放在句末时，一般不在前面加逗号。状语从句根据它表示的意思可分为时间，原因，条件，比较，结果，目的等类型。

Grammar 状语从句 ——时间状语从句和地点状语从句时间状语从句是由when, as, while, after, before, since, until, as soon as 等从属连词引导的状语从句。时间状语从句中的谓语动词不能用一般将来时，只能用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。 e.g. I will call you as soon as I arrive there. 我一到那儿就给你电话。 He is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京，就去看他姨妈。

Grammar 状语从句 ——时间状语从句和地点状语从句地点状语从句通常是由where, wherever 引导的状语从句。 e.g. Where I live there are plenty of trees. 我住的地方树很多。 Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。

Grammar 状语从句 ——时间状语从句和地点状语从句二、比较几组时间状语从句的连接词 while, when, as 1）as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。 e.g. Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when 引导这个从句，不可用as 或 while。 e.g. When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 3）从句表示"随时间推移"连词能用as，不用when 或while。 e.g. As the day went on, the weather got worse. 日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。

Grammar 状语从句 ——时间状语从句和地点状语从句 until，till 此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是"做某事直至某时"，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是"直至某时才做某事"。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。肯定句 I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。 Wait till I call you.　等着我叫你。

Grammar 状语从句 ——时间状语从句和地点状语从句否定句 She didn’t arrive until 6 o’clock. 她直到6点才到。 Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。 I didn’t manage to do it until you had explained how. 直到你教我后，我才会做。

Grammar 状语从句 ——时间状语从句和地点状语从句另 1）until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。 e.g. Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。 2）until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。 e.g. Until when are you staying?　你呆到什么时候？ Until next Monday.　呆到下周一。

Grammar 状语从句 ——时间状语从句和地点状语从句关于until的两个句型 1）not until …在句首，主句用倒装。 e.g. Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is. 　直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热能是什么。 Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 　直到我开始工作，我才认识到了我已蹉跎了几多岁月。 2）It is not until… that…

Grammar 状语从句 ——时间状语从句和地点状语从句表示“一 ……就……"的结构 hardly/scarcely…when/before, no sooner…than和as soon as都可以表示“一……就……”的意思。 e.g. I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. As soon as I got home, it began to rain. 注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构： Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

Grammar Further practice Fill in the blanks with the appropriate connective words 1) _________ he was speaking, everybody listened carefully. 2) I saw her just ____________ she was getting off the train. 3)___________ the work was done, we sat down to sum up experience. as soon as 4) I waited ________ he came back. 5) He had learned Chinese ______ he came to China. When the moment As soon as until/till since

Grammar Further practice 6)I haven’ t seen him _________ he moved to the other side of the town. 7)It was not ______he took off his eyeglasses that I recognized him. 8)I will put the book _______ you placed it and make a mark at the place ________I put it. 9)When he reads books, his habit is to make a mark _________ the meaning is unclear to him. 10)No sooner had my father got to his company _______ it started to rain. before until where which wherever than

Further Development