Infrared Thermography

1. Infrared Thermography I’d like to start by giving a little information about infrared *I’d like to start by giving a little information about infrared *

2. Infrared Light Discovered in 1800 by Sir Fredrick Herschel Light Beyond Red All objects above the temperature of Absolute Zero emit Infrared light. Herschel Measured the temperature of each color of light produced by a prizm and noted that the temperature increased as he moved through the colors from Violet to Red. * When the thermometers were moved beyond the Red light into the region “void of sunlight” the temperature was even higher. Further experiments showed that these light rays behave just like visible light rays. * Later studies revealed that all objects above the temperature of Absolute Zero emit infrared light. *Herschel Measured the temperature of each color of light produced by a prizm and noted that the temperature increased as he moved through the colors from Violet to Red. * When the thermometers were moved beyond the Red light into the region “void of sunlight” the temperature was even higher. Further experiments showed that these light rays behave just like visible light rays. * Later studies revealed that all objects above the temperature of Absolute Zero emit infrared light. *

3. Thermography Thermography is the use of an infrared imaging and measurement camera to "see" and "measure" thermal energy emitted from an object. Thermography cameras produce images using infrared or "heat" radiation and provide precise non-contact temperature measurement.Thermography cameras produce images using infrared or "heat" radiation and provide precise non-contact temperature measurement.

4. Applications Industrial Process Control Predictive Maintenance Energy Audits Roofing Diagnostics There are many applications for Thermography; from Law enforcement and military, medical and veteranary, home and building diagnostics for moisture, mold and even termite infestation; but for this presentation we will key on the applications as they apply to the industrial world. * There are many applications for Thermography; from Law enforcement and military, medical and veteranary, home and building diagnostics for moisture, mold and even termite infestation; but for this presentation we will key on the applications as they apply to the industrial world. *

5. Applications Process control Temperature Monitoring Moisture Content Since the imager is a temperature reading device, Temp. Monitoring is pretty much a given. However being that it is non-contact, gives this science an edge over conventional methods. Moisture content affects the temperature of an object, therefore it can be detected with an infrared camera. This is a take-up roll on a paper machine. The paper is sprayed with a solution before being rolled. From this picture we see that the spray pattern of the nozzles is inconsistent. Since the imager is a temperature reading device, Temp. Monitoring is pretty much a given. However being that it is non-contact, gives this science an edge over conventional methods. Moisture content affects the temperature of an object, therefore it can be detected with an infrared camera. This is a take-up roll on a paper machine. The paper is sprayed with a solution before being rolled. From this picture we see that the spray pattern of the nozzles is inconsistent.

6. Applications Process control Vessel Level This is a fire water tank at a local industry. The temperature conditions pretty favorable for this photo. It was a cool overcast afternoon. (about 78 deg.) the water in the tank was about 86 deg. This is a good example of hydro-capacitance. The water cools and heats up at a different rate than that of it’s surroundings. By timing the survey a very good illustration was obtained. Had the temperature of the surroundings been very close to the temperature of the water, it may have been difficult to detect the level. This is a fire water tank at a local industry. The temperature conditions pretty favorable for this photo. It was a cool overcast afternoon. (about 78 deg.) the water in the tank was about 86 deg. This is a good example of hydro-capacitance. The water cools and heats up at a different rate than that of it’s surroundings. By timing the survey a very good illustration was obtained. Had the temperature of the surroundings been very close to the temperature of the water, it may have been difficult to detect the level.

7. Applications Predictive Maintenance Electrical

8. Electrical This is an outdoor switch feeding a large industrial facility. Because of improper terminations the connections show an elevated temperature as compared to the other connections. This is an outdoor switch feeding a large industrial facility. Because of improper terminations the connections show an elevated temperature as compared to the other connections.

9. Electrical Corrosion, or improper allignment could be the cause of this hot spot, but because we now know it exists, we can choose an appropriate shut-down time for repairs. Corrosion, or improper allignment could be the cause of this hot spot, but because we now know it exists, we can choose an appropriate shut-down time for repairs.

10. Electrical This is a substation in a nearby town. Though it appears ominous just looking at the picture, there is only about a 10 deg. F rise in temperature at this contact. Left alone it will progress to a major problem. This is a substation in a nearby town. Though it appears ominous just looking at the picture, there is only about a 10 deg. F rise in temperature at this contact. Left alone it will progress to a major problem.

11. Electrical This is a loose and/or corroded connection in a motor starter cabinet. Once again, now that we know the problem exists, corrective measures can be made on a planned schedule. This is a loose and/or corroded connection in a motor starter cabinet. Once again, now that we know the problem exists, corrective measures can be made on a planned schedule.

12. Electrical Battery banks can be inspected with thermal imagery. Here again timing is important. The batteries have to be viewed under light charging, and during a heavy use cycle. Battery banks can be inspected with thermal imagery. Here again timing is important. The batteries have to be viewed under light charging, and during a heavy use cycle.

13. Applications Predictive Maintenance Mechanical

14. Mechanical Problem could cause premature stretching or failure of a drive belt.Problem could cause premature stretching or failure of a drive belt.

15. Mechanical The thermal image doesn’t indicated the couplings are miss-aligned. However, It does show a problem. Subsequent investigation during a scheduled shut-down revealed the alignment problem. The thermal image doesn’t indicated the couplings are miss-aligned. However, It does show a problem. Subsequent investigation during a scheduled shut-down revealed the alignment problem.

16. Mechanical The motor in the background is operating at a high temperature than the motor in the foreground. They are both driving the same type of equipment. There are so many variables, it hard to tell what the problem is. Bad windings, process differences, a less efficient pump. An investigation would be in order. The motor in the background is operating at a high temperature than the motor in the foreground. They are both driving the same type of equipment. There are so many variables, it hard to tell what the problem is. Bad windings, process differences, a less efficient pump. An investigation would be in order.

17. Applications Energy Audits

18. Applications -Energy Audit Blocked Heat Exchanger Tubes This is an illustration of blocked tubes in a heat exchanger. The red and red/white tubes are showing a lot of heat being released while the blue tubes indicate a lack of heat. This could be due to plugged or blocked tubes or a build-up of scale, preventing full flow and acting as an insulator. This is an illustration of blocked tubes in a heat exchanger. The red and red/white tubes are showing a lot of heat being released while the blue tubes indicate a lack of heat. This could be due to plugged or blocked tubes or a build-up of scale, preventing full flow and acting as an insulator.

19. Applications Energy Audits Refractory Damage This Kiln shows a couple of area where the refractory is damaged or incorrectly installed. This creates inefficiency and a possibility of damage to the lagging. This Kiln shows a couple of area where the refractory is damaged or incorrectly installed. This creates inefficiency and a possibility of damage to the lagging.

20. Applications Energy Audits Air Leaks This Kiln shows a couple of area where the refractory is damaged or incorrectly installed. This creates inefficiency and a possibility of damage to the lagging. This Kiln shows a couple of area where the refractory is damaged or incorrectly installed. This creates inefficiency and a possibility of damage to the lagging.

21. Applications Energy Audits Process Flow Heat Loss This is illustrating the loss of heat in a process due to lack of insulation. This is illustrating the loss of heat in a process due to lack of insulation.

22. Applications Energy Audits Insulation Damage Excessive heat loss at this area indicates damaged or wet insulation.Excessive heat loss at this area indicates damaged or wet insulation.

23. Applications Roofing Diagnostics

24. Applications Roofing Diagnostics Roof Leaks (Moisture) Roofing leaks are another example of hydro-capacitance. On flat roofs especially, the water can get between the membranes and stay for a long time. Once again timing the survey is important. Trying to find this area in the afternoon of a hot day may not show anything, but after sundown when the roof is cooling off. The water will cool at a different rate and reveal itself. The same could be done in the morning as the roof heats up. Roofing leaks are another example of hydro-capacitance. On flat roofs especially, the water can get between the membranes and stay for a long time. Once again timing the survey is important. Trying to find this area in the afternoon of a hot day may not show anything, but after sundown when the roof is cooling off. The water will cool at a different rate and reveal itself. The same could be done in the morning as the roof heats up.

25. Conclusion Is there a need for an Infrared Energy Audit Scheduling of the Survey Questions?????? Need In the walk down and follow up surveys, are there mysterious energy losses or suspect equipment. If you and owner know there is no insulation in a portion of a building and you know you are losing cooling or heat there. There may not be a need for an infrared survey to tell you there is no insulation there. I there is damaged lagging on pipes or equipment and water is spraying on the area, you may not need an infrared survey to tell you the insulation is wet. Be sure we are spending the clients money wisely. If we misuse the technology it creates distrust of the technology and you. Scheduling The more information we have before the survey, the more effective the survey will be. If we know we will be looking for hot air leaks, we can schedule the survey so that a portion will be during a cooler part of the day. Need In the walk down and follow up surveys, are there mysterious energy losses or suspect equipment. If you and owner know there is no insulation in a portion of a building and you know you are losing cooling or heat there. There may not be a need for an infrared survey to tell you there is no insulation there. I there is damaged lagging on pipes or equipment and water is spraying on the area, you may not need an infrared survey to tell you the insulation is wet. Be sure we are spending the clients money wisely. If we misuse the technology it creates distrust of the technology and you. Scheduling The more information we have before the survey, the more effective the survey will be. If we know we will be looking for hot air leaks, we can schedule the survey so that a portion will be during a cooler part of the day.