YAP 513E Public Infrastructure Management

1. YAP 513E PublicInfrastructure Management INSTRUCTORS : Dr. Murat ERGÜN ITU Faculty of Civil Eng. Department of Transportation Eng. mergun@ins.itu.edu.tr Dr. Murat KURUOĞLU ITU Faculty of Civil Eng. Department of Construction Management kuruoglu@itu.edu.tr

2. Content of Today’s Class • Introductions and organization • Review syllabus • Course homework, grading, term assignment • Today’s topics • What is infrastructure • Why is it important • What is an infrastructure management system • Infrastructure deficiency estimates • Role of standards, design standards, and needs

3. Student Information e-mail • Next Monday, email us your • Last name, first name, middle I. • Employer • Short current job description • Work address • Daytime phone • e-mail address • Where you got undergraduate training and when

4. Opening Housekeeping • Course philosophy • Mutual learning experience • Learn from each other & outside resources • Course operations • Participative “meeting”-type atmosphere

5. Course scope • Existing and the replacement of existing infrastructure • Mature versus growing economic and social environment • Emphasis on public • System rather than components • Common attributes across infrastructure categories

6. Approach • Integrating - economic and engineering principals • System approach - treat assets as a system rather than as individual components • Institutional issues - seek to overcome institution issues that provide sub-optimal system solutions

7. Objectives • To review critically the status of the public’s infrastructure • To understand the issues involved in managing mature infrastructure and renewing existing infrastructure • To develop an awareness of the analytical tools and resources for public infrastructure management

8. Grading • 1 Term Homework - 50% • Prepared as homework, but it will presented in front of the class • Final exam - 50% • Attendance - 70%

9. Literature List • Infrastructure Management, W.R. Hudson, R.Hass, W. Uddin, McGraw Hill Pub., 1997 ( Text Book )2. Measuring and Improving Infrastructure Performance, National Academy Press, Washington D.C., 19953. Educational Requirements for Civil Infrastructure Managers, Public Works Management&Policy, G. Gordan, C. Cameron, July 1999

10. What is Infrastructure? The nation’s water supplies, transportation, wastewater, solid waste, and other infrastructure provide a range of essential services. They facilitate movement of people and goods, provided adequate safe water for drinking and other uses, provide energy where it is needed, remove wastes, and generally support the economy and quality of life. They are public assets that grow in value as each generation makes a contribution to the legacy.

11. What is Infrastructure? Infrastructure is the aggregate of all facilities which allow a society to function • George Rainer • Public infrastructure, therefore, is the aggregate of all public facilities which allow a society to function It is a work of civilization • David McCullough, writing of the Panama Canal

12. What is a City? • Human beings began as hunter-gatherers • Agriculture allowed people to stay in one place • As people gathered in communities, it made possible specialization of labor • But it also forced people to develop physical infrastructure

13. What Did People Need to Live in Cities? • Shelter • Distribution system for food, clothing, other goods • “Common” infrastructure • Marketplaces • Public gathering areas • Government facilities

14. Transportation systems • Potable water • Sewage disposal • Eventually, other utilities • Natural gas • Electricity • Telecommunications

15. Public Infrastructure is: • Roads and bridges • Water, storm water, and waste water distribution systems • Water treatment facilities • Locks, dams, and railroads • Electrical distribution systems • Schools

16. Differences between public and private infrastructure • Private infrastructure is created for the benefit of the owner • Public infrastructure is created for the benefit of the user • In public infrastructure, there is a disconnect between level of service and the organization responsible for maintenance of the level of service.

17. Role of Infrastructure • Economic productivity - correlation between GDP and infrastructure investment (identified by Aschauer) • Communication, education, health, safety, mobility and standard of living.

18. Role of infrastructure in society Social System Economic system Man-made Infrastructure Natural Environment Grigg 1988

19. Current trends in management of public infrastructure • Transition from a period of construction to operations and management. • Demands on for greater efficiency, reliability, and capacity are increasing. • Increased financial and resource accountability • Increasing need for knowledge of tradeoffs between: • Capital costs and O/M costs • Competing public sector services • Alternative technologies and modes • System preservation and expansion or improvement

20. Private Sector Involvement • Direct private sector participants • Interest groups • Civic groups • Owner/operators

21. Direct Private-Sector Participants • Contractors • Other construction interests • Materials & equipment suppliers • Labor • Consultants • Engineering & architectural • Design • Construction management • Technical specialty • Project management • Financial • Legal

22. Interest Groups • Business • Neighborhood • Environmental • Non-construction labor

23. Civic Groups • General civic • Business • Planning • Special-purpose • Education • Economic development

24. Owner/Operators • Utilities • Building owners • Transportation • Railroads • Pipelines • Trucking

25. Inter-Organizational Relationships • How do these inter-relationship and mixed objectives impact the infrastructure, finance, delivery, and maintenance of service process? • What are some of the institutional issues?

26. What is infrastructure management? • Process of maintaining and operating existing infrastructure in a cost effective manner. • Infrastructure management / asset management / facility management • Proactive process for stewardship of assets • Criteria for individual asset and system performance • Policies for maintenance, rehabilitation, and restoration • Measure and monitoring of systems performance • Allocation of resources • Feedback, adjustment, and improvement of systems

27. Framework for Infrastructure Management • The thrust: • Preservation of the condition and value of asset (the contribution made by our generation to asset legacy) • Key success criteria: • Integrate organizational goals into capital, preservation, and maintenance decision-making processes • Three levels of management: • Program/network/systems-wide • Project selection • Project design level • Key features: • Ongoing, in-service monitoring and evaluation • A system database

28. Asset level decisions • Economic life (planning measure) • Minimizes the average cost of ownership • Physical life • Can no longer perform designed function • Depreciation life • Anticipated life for accounting purposes • Functional life • Life ended by functional obsolescence • Renewal decision • Based on conditions at the time or within the decision making period

29. Average Annual Cost Initial plus maintenance and operating costs

30. Asset level decisions • Address physical condition • Preservation of investment • Address user needs • Capacity, safety or operational improvements • Alternative modes (inter-modal, cross-model) • Transit vs. highway • Competing public services • Transportation vs. education

31. Life Cycle • Birth to death or cradle to grave • Includes planning, design, construction, operation, replacement and disposal. • Conception and birth (planning, design and construction) receive a disproportionate share of attention from engineers, politicians and administrators.

32. Asset Management Systems • Must consider all individual assets life-cycle conditions together. • Must consider common resource limitations. • Must consider policy on asset and network conditions.

33. A Simple View of Asset Management • Defining goals • Planning and programming • Acquiring, manipulating and using data • Implementing programs • Monitoring outcomes

34. A Simple View • This has planning, engineering, financial and public policy aspects • It depends on sound engineering practice, and sound planning practice • It also depends on sound management and sound political practice

35. Simple View • You need a goal • You need a plan to attain the goal • You need data and analytic systems to formulate a plan • The organization must be able to implement the plan • You need to be able to monitor the performance of your system to know if the goal was met

36. Homework for next week • Read the 1st and 2nd chapter from • Text Book (Infrastructure Management)