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Chapter Nine. The Tourist Customer and the Tourism Destination. International Tourism. Growth Enormous since the 1960s Contracted in 2001-2003 Global travel increasing World Tourism Organization 2020 Vision Report Asia, Pacific, and Middle East growing. International Tourism Today.
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Chapter Nine The Tourist Customer and the Tourism Destination
International Tourism • Growth • Enormous since the 1960s • Contracted in 2001-2003 • Global travel increasing • World Tourism Organization 2020 Vision Report • Asia, Pacific, and Middle East growing
International Tourism Today • Economic environment • Overall tourism consumption depends on the economy • New infrastructure allows growth in newly industrialized nations • Tourism dollars spent can impact host economies • “Multiplier effect”
Source: Courtesy of Barcelona Field Studies Centre S. L. Used by permission. Retrieved January 3, 2006, from www.geographyfieldwork.com/TouristMultiplier.htm.
International Tourism Today (cont.) • Technological environment • Increase in tourism fostered by technological advances • Improved airline systems and designs • Computer technology and distribution channels
International Tourism Today (cont.) • Political/legal environment • Economic significance with employment earnings/tax potential • Politics affect tourist volume • Sixteen percent drop in tourism to U.S. post 9/11 • Deregulation of the airline industry had a positive effect • Relaxed travel restrictions in newly industrialized nations allowed tourism growth
International Tourism Today (cont.) • Sociocultural environment • Shift in demographics of population affect tourism • Ecological environment • Impact of finite resources • Example: Turtle Island Resort
The Role of NTOs • How governments promote their country internationally • Goals • Publicity campaigns • Conducting research • Developing plans for destinations • Larger budgets than ever before
The Role of NTOs (cont.) • In the U.S. • U.S. Travel and Tourism Administration functioned as NTO • Funding cut in 1996 • Travel Industry Association of America filled in gaps • TIA teamed with Travel Business Roundtable in 2005
The Role of NTOs (cont.) • Importance of image promotion • Major factor in travelers’ decision to visit • Negative publicity can have profound impact on tourism • Significant dollars spent to create the right image
The Role of NTOs (cont.) • Marketing functions of NTOs • Usually narrow, but today more sophisticated and involved • Centered around the country as a whole • Take a “facilitation role” • Analysis of market potential • Example of collaboration of a hotel with NTO • Interview with Leanne Pelcher, VP Marketing for Hilton Waikoloa