ENG101A Lesson 2 Summarising and Paraphrasing

1. ENG101ALesson 2 Summarising and Paraphrasing

2. Step 1 Read the original text thoroughly  understand its overall meaning Read between the lines  pick up 'hidden' information Unfamiliar words  use a dictionary

3. Step 2 Underline or highlight the main points of the text Ignore: • unnecessary facts • descriptions • opinions

4. Step 3 Make a note of the most important details • Draw a diagram • Use pictures

5. Step 4 • Use your own words to write the main points that you’ve chosen • Use synonym (two words that can be interchanged in a context) to replace some main words in the original text E.g. Soccer betting Soccer gambling

6. Step 5 • Summarise by linking together the key points using sentences or paragraphs • Stick to the ideas from the author • Use your own words • Do NOT copy words to words from the original text

7. When you finish… • Read your draft • Make sure: you haven't lost the overall point of the original information • Make amendments

8. A written summary – Do’s • Brief & easy to read • Contain the main points of the original text • In your own words • Correct grammar, punctuation and sentences

9. A written summary – Don'ts • DON’T just copy out 'chunks' of the original version • DON’T contain information, descriptions or opinions that do not support the general meaning of the text

10. Worksheet 1 Instructions • Read the statements about summarising and decide whether they are true or false, and give your reasons.

11. Worksheet 1 Answer key • F • T • F • F • T • F • F • T

12. Worksheet 2 Instructions • Read the three short articles, each of which describes a holiday destination. • Remember that sometimes you have to ‘read between the lines’ to understand what is really meant.

13. Worksheet 2 Instructions (cont’d) • Discuss who you think will enjoy each holiday venue and the reasons why. Then summarise each destination using your own words and write no more than a sentence about each.

14. Worksheet 2 Example: ‘Rose Cottage’ would be an ideal destination for anyone wishing to escape to the countryside for a quiet or romantic weekend away.

15. Worksheet 2Possible answer ‘Sun Seekers’ apartments are ideal for anyone looking for budget accommodation and wishing to experience the party atmosphere that San Antonio can offer.

16. Worksheet 2Possible answer ‘Bridgehaven Holiday Park’ is a great family holiday destination close to a large range of facilities and entertainment for all ages.

17. Worksheet 2Possible answer The ‘Sea View Hotel’ offers the ideal holiday package for more mature visitors who enjoy the security of taking part in organised activities and entertainment.

18. Worksheet 3 Instructions • Write an account of the summer fete using no more than 3 sentences.

19. Worksheet 3Possible answer A number of new attractions and perfect weather conditions helped make this year’s summer fete the most successful ever. A record amount of 1900 was raised. The proceeds will be used to buy new sports equipment for the school.

20. Worksheet 5 Instructions • Write a summary of the book review using no more than 3 sentences.

21. Worksheet 5Possible answer Newcomers to a small village might not be all they seem. The finger of suspicion is pointed at them when strange events start to happen immediately after their arrival. ‘The Silent Villagers’ is an absorbing mystery which will hold your interest from beginning to end.

22. What is paraphrasing? = rewording of another writer's text, explanation, argument, or narrative • Length approx.= original text ( NOT simplified) • w/ DIFFERENT wording & sentence structure

23. Why paraphrase? to make sure you completely understand a text to directly discuss somebody’s argument/text to use as expert evidence for a point you’re making  to present an opposing point of view you want to refute

24. How to paraphrase a text? 1. use alternative wording to the writer’s throughout your paraphrase. 2. if the author’s words are used to name important ideas, use quotation marks to enclose his/her phrases

25. How to paraphrase a text? 3. ALWAYS use your own words & sentence structure to present the ideas of original, otherwise (even following the author’s sentence structure!) it’s considered plagiarised! 4. CITE your source.

26. How to paraphrase a text? 5. Use your own word to introduce the topic if a paraphrase is included in your text and ALSO use expressions such as “Smith argues that…”, “According to …,” or “Lee also claims that…” to present someone else’s ideas

27. HINTS • Break long sentences into shorter ones, and combine short sentences for variety. • Move the position of phrases for clearer sentences. • Use a thesaurus for synonyms, but be careful of subtle changes in the meaning of words. For example, to express does not necessarily have the same meaning as to vent. • Make sure your paraphrase considers the complete meaning of the original quotation. • Be sure to cite original ideas that are not your own.

28. Summarising vs. Paraphrasing Summarising Putting the main idea(s) into your own words, including only the main point(s). Summaries are significantly shorter than the original and take a broad overview of the source material. Paraphrasing It is only slightlyshorter than the original passage, taking a somewhat broader segment of the source and condensing it slightly.