Legacies/Achievements of the Islamic Civilization

1. Legacies/Achievements of the Islamic Civilization Learning target: explain the achievements in science, mathematics, medicine, geography, and art of the Islamic Civilization

2. Pharmaceutical Drugs Explanation of Legacy: Chemical substance intended for use in medical diagnosis How is the legacy useful today: Used to treat medical conditions, control diseases, cure bacterial infections

3. Distillation Explanation of Legacy: Separating mixtures; purify liquids, helps to purify water How is the legacy useful today: drug maufacturers use this to help cure and prevent diseases and infections; useful for clean water

4. Anatomy Explanation of Legacy: Branch of science concerned with bodily structure of human, animals, and organisms, normally with the use of dissection How is the legacy useful today: Able to understand how different body parts work by getting into the organism/body.

5. Surgical Process Explanation of Legacy: treatment of injuries or disorders of the body by incision with instruments How is the legacy useful today: Able to save lives, prolong life

6. Hygiene Explanation of Legacy: Maintaining health by promoting cleanliness How is the legacy useful today: understanding the importance of our overall health and well being by attempting to prevent the spread of germs and diseases

7. Identification of Diseases Explanation of Legacy: the ability to correctly identify certain diseases when people are sick How is the legacy useful today: Identified small pox, measles, perform surgery or use of antibiotics if a disease is identified.

8. Medical Encyclopedia Explanation of Legacy: Place to write down information about diseases, medical conditions, tests, symptoms, and surgeries. How is the legacy useful today: Allows for doctors to have a place to confirm diagnosis or suspected conditions. Shared information

9. Astronomy Explanation of Legacy: branch of science that deals with celestial objects, space, and the physical universe as a whole How is the legacy useful today: aided in the creation of a calendar allows us to plot the location of planets, stars, moons in the solar system, exploration of space NASA

10. Astrolabe Explanation of Legacy: instrument formerly used to make astronomical measurements, helped in map making How is the legacy useful today: were able to use the horizon to tell time, how sky looks, measured the lunar distance between objects in the sky

11. Numbering System Explanation of Legacy: Expressed numbers using 10 figures including 0. Arabic numbering system How is the legacy useful today: ability to count by 10, useful in everyday life such as money, useful in classrooms, etc.

12. Algebra Explanation of Legacy: letters and symbols are used to represent numbers and quantities in formulas and equations How is the legacy useful today: useful in school but everyday life as well. Ex: you only have $20 to spend on gas, and it is $3.50 a gallon

13. Trigonometry Explanation of Legacy: Branch of math that studies the relationships of lengths and angles of triangles. The Muslims enhanced this understanding How is the legacy useful today: Now is its own distinct branch of mathematics and is useful in many professions and classrooms today.

14. Architecture Explanation of Legacy: Designing and constructing buildings. Use of Roman, Byzantine, and Persian influence. Minarets (tall, long structures on top of buildings) How is the legacy useful today: A mosque is a good example of where you can see Islamic architecture.

15. How they used art within the religion Explanation of Legacy: Avoids showing animal or human form, especially Allah, Muhammad. Use of geometric shapes, bright colors How is the legacy useful today: Useful in understanding the art of the time and what is still important today. Understand what could be offensive.

16. Other useful information • Helped establish chemistry as a distinct branch of science • Muslims produced world maps and later served as navigators for European explorers