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Bus 361

Bus 361. Chapter 4 Enterprise-wide Systems & Inter-enterprise Systems. Objectives. What is an enterprise-wide system How do they fit into e-bus strategy What are the key features How are inter-enterprise systems created Evaluate the structures for setting up the two systems

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Bus 361

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  1. Bus 361 Chapter 4 Enterprise-wide Systems & Inter-enterprise Systems

  2. Objectives • What is an enterprise-wide system • How do they fit into e-bus strategy • What are the key features • How are inter-enterprise systems created • Evaluate the structures for setting up the two systems • Explain why they are crucial to e-bus

  3. Enterprise-wide Systems • Info access to all who need it no matter where they are physically • Key concept is that all users have access to the same up-to-date information • Data collection with one piece of S/W to make organization, management & access easy. • ERP, SCM & CRM all examples • Middleware s/w that links 2 dif. programs

  4. ERP Systems • Switch from silo to shared • “Knowledge is power”?? • Developing the system requires analysis of all processes • Business Process Re-engineering • Vendors: Oracle, SAP, minor leagues – MSFT • Module based, drill down

  5. Characteristics • Client-server systems • Relationship database • Common field • 3 basic elements • Data • Processing (applications) • Output (display) • Where is the processing done? • Distributed processing systems • 2-tier (S & C) • 3-tier (S & C + dedicated processing servers) • Distributed data client servers

  6. Database Terminology • Database: is a collection of data that is organized in a specific way. The data is stored in a way that makes it easy to access using queries. • Table: A database can have multiple tables in it. All the data is stored in the tables. A table has a set of fields in it. These fields makes the design or the structure of the database. • Field: Each table has a set of fields (columns). • Data Type: Each field can have only one kind of data. That is called the Data Type of that field. This can be a string, an integer, a date, etc. When creating a table, you have to specify the kind of data that can be stored in that field. One field can be used to store a number, another for a string. Since every table has a number of fields, different types of data can be stored in a table. • Row: All the terms till now dealt with the structure - row refers to the data. It can also called a record. The collection of a set of values for all fields in one table is together called a row. • Primary Key: Primary key is a field that will uniquely identify each row in the table. The value of this field will be unique through the table. • Relation: There will be many cases when the data in one table can be related to the data in another table. This connection between two tables is called a relation. • Foreign Key: When there is a relation between 2 tables, these tables will be connected by inserting the primary key of one table into the corresponding row of the other table. The field used in such a way to connect the 2 tables is called the foreign key.

  7. Two other terms • Packaged Software (COTS) • Installed & then operated • Can be customized • Business Process Re-engineering • Redesigning how we do business • Necessary because of ERP • Can be how, who, what with or when • Resistance to change

  8. Implementing ERP • Hershey example of how not to do it • Timing • Capabilities • “Systems sizing” • “Stress testing” • Training

  9. Integrating ERP • Is the whole organization going ERP or .. • Interfaces • Modifying existing systems • Standardization makes integration easier • “Best of Breed” … existing might be better

  10. Oracle’s 6 Phases in Implementation • Definition & Team building • Operations Analysis • Solution Design • Build/code • Transition – training & checking • Production

  11. Back to the Middle(ware) • Middleware is seamless i.e. the user doesn’t know it is happening • Built in to the applications • Enterprise Application Integration • Using middleware to join applications • Planning, implementing & managing applications ability to share info between • Legacy systems & ERP

  12. MetaLanguage • a metalanguage is a language used to make statements about statements in another language • Words like …. Noun adjective • So XML is a “language” that can be read by humans and machines

  13. Collaborative & Inter-enterprise • Allow companies to interact • Customers • Suppliers • With other team members (LotusNotes) • Competitors (ethical issues)

  14. Managing them • Increasing scope -> Increasing complexity • Outsource • Create new separate entity • Management agreements with partners • Manage own part of the system

  15. What can go wrong? • Resistance • Sabotage • Timing • Resources • Delays

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