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Learning disability

Continua Kids (Centre of Neurotherapy In Uniquely-Abled Kids) helps children those are learning disable. We are different type of therapy like Psychotherapy, Speech therapy etc.

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Learning disability

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  1. ‌LEARNING DISABILITY ‌DR. HIMANI NARULA KHANNA (DEVELOPMENTAL PEDIATRICIAN)DEVANSHI SHARMA NARANG (CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGIST)NISTHA SINGH (PSYCHOLOGIST)DR. PUJA GROVER KAPOOR (PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGIST)

  2. ‌OVERVIEW OF THE WORKSHOP • ‌What is learning disability • Types of learning disabilities • Causes • How to detect learning disability • How do we know when its not learning disability • Those who can diagnose learning disability • Interventions • Some tests to diagnose learning disability • Some provisions for children with learning disabilities • CBSE guidelines • Laws

  3. ‌WHAT IS LEARNING DISABILITY?

  4. ‌A neurological disorder • Affect the brain's ability to receive, process, analyze, or store information • Comparatively difficult to learn • Excluded form the group are, kids with visual, hearing or motor handicaps, mental retardation, emotional disturbance, or economical disadvantages

  5. ‌WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF LEARNING DISABILITIES?

  6. ‌Dyslexia • Difficulty processing and understanding what is read or heard (words, sentences, or paragraphs) • Dyscalculia • Difficulty in learning or comprehending math concepts • Dysgraphia • Difficulty forming letters and write within a defined space • Auditory and Visual Processing Disorders • Difficulty distinguishing similar sounds and seeing the differences between similar letters, number, shapes and patterns etc. • Nonverbal Learning Disabilities (dyspraxia) • Significant discrepancy between higher verbal skills but weaker visual-spatial and social skills

  7. ‌WHAT CAUSES LEARNING DISABILITY?

  8. ‌HEREDITY AND GENETICS • ‌Learning disabilities often run in the family. • Children with learning disabilities are likely to have parents or other relatives with similar difficulties.

  9. ‌PROBLEMS DURING PREGNANCY AND BIRTH • ‌Learning disabilities can result from anomalies in the developing brain illness or injury, fetal exposure to alcohol or drugs, low birth weight, oxygen deprivation, or by premature or prolonged labor.

  10. ‌ACCIDENTS AFTER BIRTH • ‌Learning disabilities can also be caused by head injuries, malnutrition, or by toxic exposure (such as heavy metals or pesticides)

  11. ‌HOW COMMON IS LEARNING DISABILITY? (Incidence and prevalence) Information about LD occurring in Indian children is scanty. The incidence of dyslexia in primary school children in India has been reported to be 2-18%, of dysgraphia 14%, and of dyscalculia 5.5% (17-19) in 2011.

  12. ‌HOW DO WE KNOW IF A CHILD HAS LEARNING DISABILITY?

  13. ‌SOME CHARACTERISTICS • ‌Slow reading rate • Difficulty remembering math facts • Problems with reasoning and abstract concepts • Difficulty finding important points or main ideas • Problem understanding and remembering what is read • Confusion of similar words • Confusion or reversal of symbols, letters, numbers • Frequent spelling errors

  14. ‌WHEN DO WE KNOW ITS NOT LEARNING DISABILITY?

  15. ‌WHAT LEARNING DISABILITIES ARE NOT! • ‌Some children begin as slow learners but are eventually able to learn and cope with their studies and other activities • Some children may not be interested in certain subjects or activities • Some children may be interested in sports or outdoor activities.  These attributes indicate the child's interests and are not learning disability

  16. ‌WHO CAN DIAGNOSE LEARNING DISABILITY?

  17. ‌TYPES OF SPECIALISTS WHO MAY BE ABLE TO TEST FOR AND DIAGNOSE LEARNING DISABILITIES • ‌Clinical psychologists • School psychologists • Child psychiatrists • Educational psychologists • Developmental psychologists • ‌Neuropsychologist • Occupational therapist (tests sensory disorders that can lead to learning problems) • Speech and language therapist

  18. ‌HOW DOES A PSYCHOLOGIST ASSESS LEARNING DISABILITIES?

  19. ‌NIMHANS BATTERY

  20. ‌The National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore has developed the index to assess children with LD(Hirisave U, et al., 2002). • There are two levels of this index. They are: • Level I for children 5-7 years and • Level II for 8-12years. The index comprises of the following tests: a. Attention test (Number cancellation).b. Visuo-motor skills (the Bender Gestalt test and the Developmental test of Visuo– Motor integration).c. Auditory and Visual Processing(discrimination and memory).d. Reading, writing, spelling and comprehension.e. Speech and Language including Auditory behaviour (Receptive Language) and Verbal expression.f. Arithmetic (Addition, subtraction,multiplication, division and fraction) (Hirisave U, et al., 2002 ).

  21. ‌WHAT ARE SOME OF THE TREATMENTS AND INTERVENTIONS FOR LEARNING DISABILITY?

  22. ‌Psychotherapy (for comorbid conditions: anger, frustration, mood)

  23. Special Education (Individualized Education Program)

  24. Speech therapy

  25. Occupational therapy

  26. THANK YOU ………………

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