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The Abstraction Ladder

The Abstraction Ladder. “Get on Down”. Instructor Comments . Be specific Lacks support Such as? Like what? Give examples! Undeveloped No proof Too general Lacking in specifics. Terms to know. Abstract General What are the opposites of these two terms? Concrete Specific.

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The Abstraction Ladder

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  1. The Abstraction Ladder “Get on Down”

  2. Instructor Comments • Be specific • Lacks support • Such as? • Like what? • Give examples! • Undeveloped • No proof • Too general • Lacking in specifics

  3. Terms to know Abstract General What are the opposites of these two terms? Concrete Specific

  4. Definitions • A generalization usually includes abstract ideas. • A specific statement usually includes more concrete items.

  5. Galaxy • Abstract or Concrete? • Very abstract: Astronomers do not know where or how many galaxies there are.

  6. The Ladder: from the most abstract concept to the most concrete • Galaxy • Milky Way • Solar System • Earth

  7. Ladder • North America • United States • Florida • Orlando • Orange County

  8. Ladder • Kirkman Road • Valencia CC Campus West • Building 4 • Room 235 • Professor’s Desk

  9. We have gone from the most abstract concept to the most concrete. • Galaxy – most abstract/general 14. Professor’s desk – most concrete/specific

  10. Compare these lists A. B. • Contentment a ball point pen • Hate a pink, frilly party dress • Revenge a downy, soft blanket • Jealousy a red and white bird • Spite wrapping paper • Revulsion a canon printer • Nervousness a brick house • Resentment a 25 foot, live-oak tree

  11. Abstract or Concrete? • Love • Box of chocolates • Bottle of Tommy Hilfiger cologne • Anger • Slap in the face • Temper tantrum • Fear • Happiness • Dimpled smile • Sadness • Tear-stained face • Shriek at midnight

  12. Can any of the specific (concrete) entries be examples of the more abstract (general)? Love Box of chocolates Bottle of Tommy Hilfiger cologne Anger Slap in the face Temper tantrum Fear Happiness Dimpled smile Sadness Tear-stained face Shriek at midnight

  13. Specific Support Bottom line: Begin your paragraph with your most general statement, the topic sentence. Then support it with specific (concrete) details.

  14. Your Turn • Here is a generalization that could be the topic sentence for a paragraph. Try to come up with ideas for specific support. • My mother has too many shoes!

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