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chemistry

chemistry. what it’s made up of its characteristics how it reacts with other matter. the study of matter. matter. anything that takes up space and has mass. element. a substance that is made up of only one kind of atom. electron. neutron. proton. Atomic Structure. electron. neutron.

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chemistry

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  1. chemistry • what it’s made up of • its characteristics • how it reacts with other matter the study of matter

  2. matter anything that takes up space and has mass

  3. element a substance that is made up of only one kind of atom

  4. electron neutron proton Atomic Structure electron neutron proton

  5. - electron + proton Atomic Structure electron neutron proton

  6. neutron N Atomic Structure electron neutron proton

  7. 10 P 14 P 10 N 14 N Silicon Neon

  8. 1 P 3 P 0 N 4 N Hydrogen Lithium

  9. 8N 8P Oxygen 8 Protons 8 Neutrons

  10. 22N 18P Argon 18 Protons 22 Neutrons

  11. nucleus neutron N + proton Atomic Structure nucleus

  12. atomic mass # of protons + # of neutrons atomic mass

  13. Florine 9 protons + 10 neutrons 19 (atomic mass)

  14. Radium 226.03 atomic mass - atomic number -88.00 138.03 # of neutrons 138 neutrons

  15. Shell first shell only holds two electrons second shell holds up to eight electrons outer shells hold even more electrons

  16. Francium 87 P 136 N

  17. + + + + + + + + Atomic Number the number of protons in the nucleus

  18. Oxygen O Atomic Number • whole number • represents only one thing 8 15.99

  19. Oxygen O Atomic Number Atomic Mass # of protons # of protons + # of neutrons 8 15.99 8 15.99

  20. atomic number chemical symbol of element 8 Oxygen O name of element 15.99 atomic mass

  21. Periodic Table of the Elements IA VIIIA 1 IIA IVA VIIA VA IIIA VIA 2 3 VIIIB IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB IB IIB 4 5 6 7

  22. IA VIIIA 11 14 15 18 17 12 13 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 VA VIA VIIA IIIA IIA IVA Phosphorus Argon Sodium Aluminum Sulfur Magnesium Silicon Chlorine Mg Al Si P Ar Na S Cl IVB VIIB IIIB IB IIB VB VIB VIIIB 1 Periodic Table of the Elements Periods 2 3 4 5 6 7

  23. 2 1 1 Helium Hydrogen He H 2P 2N 1P 0N Periodic Table of the Elements VIIIA IA 1 IVA VIIA IIIA IIA VIA VA 2 3 IB IIB IVB VIIB VB IIIB VIB VIIIB 4 5 6 7

  24. 9 Fluorine F 17 Chlorine Cl 35 Bromine Br 53 Iodine I 85 Astatine At IA IIA IIIA VIA VA VIA VIIA VIIIA Periodic Table of the Elements Groups or Families VIIIA IA 1 IVA VIIA IIIA IIA VIA VA 2 Elements in the same group have similar physical and chemical properties. 3 IB IIB IVB VIIB VB IIIB VIB VIIIB 4 5 6 7

  25. 87 1 Francium Hydrogen Fr H 1 P 0 N IA Periodic Table of the Elements VIIIA IA 1 IVA VIIA IIIA IIA VIA VA 2 3 IB IIB IVB VIIB VB IIIB VIB VIIIB 4 5 6 7

  26. 16 8 Oxygen Sulfur O S Periodic Table of the Elements VIIIA IA 1 IVA VIIA IIIA IIA VIA VA VIA VIA 2 3 IB IIB IVB VIIB VB IIIB VIB VIIIB 4 5 6 7

  27. 14 Silicaon Si 32 Germanium Ge 33 5 Arsenic As Boron 51 B Antimony Sb 52 85 Tellurium Astatine Te At Periodic Table of the Elements Categories VIIIA IA 1 IVA VIIA IIIA IIA VIA VA 2 3 IB IIB IVB VIIB VB IIIB VIB VIIIB 4 5 6 7

  28. Alkali metals Semi-metals, or metalloids Transition metals Nonmetals Periodic Table of the Elements VIIIA IA 1 IVA VIIA IIIA IIA VIA VA 2 3 IB IIB IVB VIIB VB IIIB VIB VIIIB 4 5 6 7

  29. 14 Silicaon Si 32 Germanium Ge 33 5 Arsenic As Boron 51 B Antimony Sb Semi-metals, or metalloids 52 85 Tellurium Astatine Te At Periodic Table of the Elements VIIIA IA 1 IVA VIIA IIIA IIA VIA VA 2 3 IB IIB IVB VIIB VB IIIB VIB VIIIB 4 5 6 7

  30. molecule a group of atoms that join together

  31. Compound When different types of atoms are joined together a chemical change or chemical reaction occurs.

  32. chemical formula the chemical symbols and numbers that show the elements that make up a compound

  33. H2O 2 Hydrogen + 1 Oxygen Numbers are written as a subscript. Sugar cane: C12H22O11 H2O

  34. Sugar Cane C12H22O11 12 Carbon + 22 Hydrogen + 11 Oxygen

  35. o c o Carbon Dioxide 2 CO2 1 Carbon + 2 Oxygen If there is no subscript, then only one atom of the element is present. number of atoms of that element in the molecule

  36. Hydrochloric Acid HCl + 1 Hydrogen 1 Chlorine

  37. Laughing Gas N20 2 Nitrogen + 1 Oxygen

  38. Lye NaOH 1 Sodium + 1 Oxygen + 1 Hydrogen

  39. Ammonia 1 Nitrogen + 3 Hydrogen N H 3

  40. Chalk 1 Calcium + 1 Carbon + 3 Oxygen Ca C O 3

  41. Carbonic Acid H2CO3 1 Carbon 3 Oxygen 2 Hydrogen 12 Carbon 22 Hydrogen 11 Oxygen Cane Sugar C12H22O11 9 Carbon 8 Hydrogen 4 Oxygen Aspirin C9H8O4 Oxygen Hydrogen Carbon

  42. Aspirin C9H8O4 9 8 4 Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen + 21 Atoms

  43. Synthesis • substances combine CO2 + H2O → H2CO3

  44. Decomposition • compounds break apart C12H22O11 + 12O2 → 11H2O + 12CO2

  45. Single Replacement • One element replaces another. Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl + H2

  46. Double Replacement • Two elements switch places. AgNO3 + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO3

  47. F B Boron 3 electrons in outer shell Fluorine 7 electrons in outer shell

  48. Ne • Neon • 8 electrons in the outer shell • Outer shell is full or closed.

  49. 2 Helium He 10 Neon Ne 18 Argon Ar 36 Krypton Kr 54 Xenon Xe 86 Radon Rn VIIIA Periodic Table of the Elements VIIIA IA 1 IVA VIIA IIIA IIA VIA VA 2 3 IB IIB IVB VIIB VB IIIB VIB VIIIB 4 5 6 7

  50. covalent bond occurs when atoms share pairs of electrons

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