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Understanding Acids and Bases: pH Calculations and Equilibrium Species

Explore the nature of acids and bases through pH calculations and equilibrium concentrations of species in various solutions. Learn to calculate Ka, Kb, and pH values for different acids and bases. Understand the properties of salts in relation to acid-base reactions.

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Understanding Acids and Bases: pH Calculations and Equilibrium Species

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  1. Nature of Acids and Bases A 0.100M Latic acid solution is 3.7% ionized. Find Ka of this acid.

  2. Nature of Acids and Bases • Calculate the pH of a 5.0E-2M NaOH solution.

  3. Nature of Acids and Bases • B(aq) + H2O(l) BH+(aq) + OH-1(aq) Conj acid Conj base

  4. Nature of Acids and Bases • Ka * Kb = Kw (Always!!!)

  5. Nature of Acids and Bases • Calculate the pH for a 15.0M solution of NH3. Kb = 1.8E-5

  6. Nature of Acids and Bases • Calculate the pH of a 5.0M H3PO4 solution and the equilibrium concentrations of the species: H3PO4, H2PO4-1 HPO4-2 and PO43- Ka next slide

  7. Nature of Acids and Bases • Ka1 = 7.5E –3 • Ka2 = 6.2E-8 • Ka3 4.8 E -13

  8. Nature of Acids and Bases • Calculate the pH of a 1.0M Sulfuric Acid solution • H+ HSO4-1 H2O Major Species

  9. Nature of Acids and Bases • Calculate the pH of a 1.00E-2 Sulfuric acid solution.

  10. Nature of Acids and Bases Acid-Base properties of salts: Salts that produce bases: Formed from strong base and weak acid. Salts that produce acids: ???

  11. Nature of Acids and Bases • Calculate the pH of a 0.30M NaF solution. Ka of HF is 7.2E-4.

  12. Nature of Acids and Bases • Calculate the pH of a 0.10M NH4Cl solution. The Kb value for NH3 is 1.8E-5.

  13. Nature of Acids and Bases • Acid, Base or Neutral NH4C2H3O2 NH4CN Salts of weak/weak depend on Ka and Kb

  14. Nature of Acids and Bases Lewis Acid: Electron acceptor Lewis Base: Electron donor

  15. Nature of Acids and Bases H+ + :NH3 HNH3+  NH4+ Acid Base H+ + [OH-1]  H-OH Acid Base F3B + :NH3  F3BNH3 Acid Base

  16. Nature of Acids and Bases • Homework: Page 702- # 81, 85, 89, 93, 103, 104,107, 109, 113, 121, 122

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