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The Civil War 1861–1865 Reconstruction 1865-1877

The Civil War 1861–1865 Reconstruction 1865-1877. Southern View of secession: Legal under “compact theory” Events of the 1850’s gave South no choice. Northern View: Secession is illegal Union must be kept together in face of Southern “insurrection”

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The Civil War 1861–1865 Reconstruction 1865-1877

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  1. The Civil War1861–1865Reconstruction1865-1877

  2. Southern View • of secession: • Legal under • “compact theory” • Events of the • 1850’s gave South no choice

  3. Northern View: • Secession is illegal • Union must be kept together in face of Southern “insurrection” • Lincoln promises not to interfere with slavery where it already exists

  4. Confederate Advantages • Desire • Defensive Nature of War • Possibility of Foreign Allies • Superior Military Officers • Northern Opposition to War Confederate President Jefferson Davis

  5. Union Advantages • Established Gov’t & Military • More People, $, Resources • Better Transport System • Abundant Food Supply • Strong leadership of Lincoln

  6. Key Political Actions During Civil War What impact did each of the following have on the war & the country? What is the significance of each? • Role of Border States • Emancipation Proclamation • Homestead Act of 1862 • Congress created national banking system • Congressional funding to build transcontinental RR • Lincoln suspended writ of habeus corpus • Sand Creek Massacre, 1864

  7. Legacies of the Civil War • End of slavery & Southern “Slaveocracy” • Long-lasting economic & political damage to the South • Expansion of the power of federal gov’t. • Industrial/commercial growth of the North • Opening of the West to rapid settlement What problems did the government have to address after the Civil War?

  8. Economic Problem: How to rebuild the devastation of infrastructure & loss of capital?

  9. Political Problem: How to bring Southern states back into the Union? 2nd Inaugural Address Wade-Davis Bill

  10. Social Problem: How to deal with the “Freedmen”?

  11. Do African Americans experience • “revolutionary” changes • as a result of these amendments? • 13th Amendment (1865) • Ends slavery • 14th Amendment (1866) • Establishes black citizenship & • “equal protection under the law” • 15th Amendment (1870) • Suffrage for all men

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