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Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior

Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior. Charles T. Blair-Broeker Randal M. Ernst. Psychological Disorders. Chapter 12. Introduction to Psychological Disorders. Module 27. Defining Disorder. Module 27: Introduction to Psychological Disorders. Psychological Disorder.

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Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior

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  1. Thinking About Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behavior Charles T. Blair-Broeker Randal M. Ernst

  2. Psychological Disorders Chapter 12

  3. Introduction to Psychological Disorders Module 27

  4. Defining Disorder Module 27: Introduction to Psychological Disorders

  5. Psychological Disorder • A “harmful dysfunction” in which behaviors are maladaptive, unjustifiable, disturbing, and atypical

  6. Maladaptive • An exaggeration of normal, acceptable behaviors • Destructive to oneself or others

  7. Unjustifiable • A behavior which does not have a rational basis

  8. Disturbing • A behavior which is troublesome to other people

  9. Atypical • A behavior so different from other people’s behavior that it violates a norm • Norms vary from culture to culture

  10. MUDA • A mnemonic device used to remember the four attributes of a psychological disorder • Maladaptive • Unjustifiable • Disturbing • Atypical

  11. Understanding Disorders Module 27: Introduction to Psychological Disorders

  12. Early Views of Mental Illness • In ancient times, mental illness was usually explained through a supernatural model; the person was possessed or a sinner • During the Middle Ages treatment methods were inhumane and cruel

  13. Philippe Pinel (1745-1826) • French physician who worked to reform the treatment of people with mental disorders • Encouraged more humane treatment • Treated like a medical problem

  14. Understanding Disorders:The Medical Model Module 27: Introduction to Psychological Disorders

  15. The Medical Model • Diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases, cured. • Psychological disorders can be diagnosed based on their symptoms and treated or cured through therapy. • Psychological disorders are similar to a physical illness.

  16. Understanding Disorders:The Bio-Psycho-Social Model Module 27: Introduction to Psychological Disorders

  17. Bio-Psycho-Social Model • Perspective of mental illness which assumes that biological (brain tumor, runs in family – ex. Depression) • psychological (our thoughts and thinking patterns – ex. optimist vs. pessimist), and • Sociocultural(anorexia & susto) • factors combine and interact to produce psychological disorders

  18. Bio-Psycho-Social Perspective

  19. Classifying Disorders Module 27: Introduction to Psychological Disorders

  20. DSM-IV-TR copy • Discuss the DSM-IV-TR.

  21. DSM-IV-TR • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – Fourth Edition • The text of the DSM-IV was recently revised, hence “TR” at the end • Published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) • Lists and describes all the currently accepted categories of mental disorders

  22. DSM-IV-TR • Divides mental disorders into 17 major categories • Includes the symptoms but not the causes of each disease • Has changed significantly since the first edition • Bipolar – not manic-depressive • Less terms from Freud • No homosexuality

  23. The Normal AdultCircle the 5 characteristics that best describe a mature, healthy and social competent male. • Ambitious • Tactful • Adventurous • Aware of others’ feelings • Need for security • 6) self-confident • 7) logical • 8) gentle • 9) independent • 10) expresses tender feelings

  24. The Normal AdultCircle the 5 characteristics that best describe a mature, healthy and social competent female. • Ambitious • Tactful • Adventurous • Aware of others’ feelings • Need for security • 6) self-confident • 7) logical • 8) gentle • 9) independent • 10) expresses tender feelings

  25. The Normal AdultCircle the 5 characteristics that best describe a mature, healthy and social competent adult person. • Ambitious • Tactful • Adventurous • Aware of others’ feelings • Need for security • 6) self-confident • 7) logical • 8) gentle • 9) independent • 10) expresses tender feelings

  26. Results and Questions • Results (1970) – sexes had different normal behavior • Do you think the results are the same today? • Has sensitivity to sexism eliminated the double standard for normal? • Is the view of a healthy adult closer to the male or female ideal?

  27. Labeling Disorders Module 27: Introduction to Psychological Disorders

  28. Labeling Stigmas • Studies show a clear bias against people diagnosed with mental disorders. Say DSM-IV-TR contributes to that. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LTIZ_aizzyk

  29. The End

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