1 / 15

Chapter 17

Chapter 17. Monopoly-When one company has the only rights to produce and/or sell a product. John D. Rockefeller creates a monopoly in petroleum refining. Does this by absorbing competitors through buy-outs. Then started with vertical integration.

dasan
Download Presentation

Chapter 17

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 17 • Monopoly-When one company has the only rights to produce and/or sell a product. • John D. Rockefeller creates a monopoly in petroleum refining. • Does this by absorbing competitors through buy-outs. • Then started with vertical integration. • New companies broke into the field once oil was discovered in Texas.

  2. Innovation • Rockefeller and others believe that advances in technology will give them an edge. • Many inventions are created, and most rely on electricity. • Thomas Edison is the most innovative inventor in the electricity field. • Once these new markets opened up a Nationwide market. • Advertising is a way to compete.

  3. Commercialism and R.R. • Trademarks and logos appear to differentiate products. • New methods of sales appear such as department stores. • Mail-order will reach to the rest of the country. • The use of the railroad: • Consolidate in the 1880s to improve efficiency and reduce competition. • Sometimes watered stock was used.

  4. Commercialism • Watered stock is stock which is artificially inflated. • Investment bankers were used, such as J.P. Morgan. • This networks together, and links to investment bankers. • In the 1880s massive companies appeared. • They were usually involved in consumer goods. • Sugar refining and tobacco were two examples.

  5. Changes from Commerce • Ownership grows apart from the management of the company. • Workers lose individualism because of this, and it shows up in rules and dress codes. • The New South: • Refers to efforts to modernize after Reconstruction. • Newspapers and textiles take hold in the south. • Tried to reduce dependence on cotton and tobacco.

  6. Unions • The Knights of Labor are first. • Unskilled, skilled, women and African Americans could join. • Advocate Labor Reform. • Child labor, 8 hour work day, safety reforms. • Preferred political action to strikes. • Became the leading organization in the 1880s. • Haymarket violence in Chicago enhances anti-union. • Employers portray unions as radical.

  7. Flood of Immigrants • Viewed as the “land of opportunity”. • New Americans are not from the old country, but not from old America. • Religion forms group identity. • It is the one thing to hold on to when you lose your identity. • Catholic churches usually take the characteristics of the neighborhood. • Use language and special holidays.

  8. Nativism • The Americans are afraid of these new immigrants. • Often linked to anti-Catholicism. • American Protective Association founded in 1887. • Urban Growth: • Technology=progress • Cities have the technology and boast it, other see poverty, crime, and filth.

  9. Cities • Manufacturing and urban expansion go together. • Pittsburgh-Iron and Steel • New York City-Clothing • Chicago-Meatpacking • Minneapolis-Flour milling • Metal frame buildings carry more weight, get taller. • Electricity develops into streetcar.

  10. Changes in Education • Utilities can’t keep the pace with the neighborhoods. • Private companies often bribe to get the jobs. • Inner city vs. suburbs. • Develops into a new middle class. • Emphasizes education. • 1870 to 1900 most of the N.W. develops attendance laws. • 1880s NYC had free schools, with books provided.

  11. Education ctd. • H.S. changed by adding science, civics, business, home economics, drafting, woodworking, and mechanics. • College enrollment grew. • Women’s colleges grew as well. • Gender roles are rigid. • Access to more jobs for women, but many women don’t work. • At the same time a gay and lesbian subculture emerged.

  12. Regulations • The Pendleton Act of 1883 created tests for govt. jobs. • Many still run on merits. • Interstate Commerce Act regulates R.R. finally. • Required reasonable rates, but was vague and hard to enforce. • Many of the big city bosses regulated politics. • A poll tax was considered. • Women’s suffrage was also creeping up again.

  13. Women • Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony had opposed “male” being used in 14 Amendment. • Formed the National Women Suffrage Association. • Only open to women sought an Amendment. • The American Woman Suffrage Association focused on the vote. • Two groups merged in 1890. • First success in the west.

  14. Politics • Democrats are laissez faire-which means let do. • This favors private industry. • Republicans favor distribution of power. • Grangers favor regulation which is govt. interference. • The Presidents pay little attention to overseas. • Garfield, Arthur, and Cleveland pay attention to military and westward expansion.

  15. Things to think about: • Why had the older Americans rejected the new immigrants? • How would even a minimal poll tax affect would-be voters?

More Related