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Managing Fish Health and Disease in Aquaculture: Strategies and Preventative Measures

Learn about the factors contributing to fish mortality in aquaculture, including diseases caused by viruses, fungi, bacteria, and parasites. Discover preventative measures like biosecurity, proper management, early diagnosis, sanitation, vaccination, and treatment. Understand the importance of observation, recognizing signs of stress, unusual behavior, and skin lesions to prevent secondary infections. Explore the challenges of treating fish diseases through isolation, environmental manipulation, disinfection, and ongoing research.

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Managing Fish Health and Disease in Aquaculture: Strategies and Preventative Measures

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  1. Fish Health/Disease • Mortality in Aquaculture • Contributing Factors • Natural mortality: Broodstock – age related • Disease • Viruses, Fungi, Bacteria and Parasites • Infection vs. Disease • Most are stress-mediated • Disease transmission • Though water – • Through egg/adults –

  2. Fish Health/Disease • Mortality in Aquaculture • Preventative measures (Bio-security) • Proper management • Early diagnosis of disease – treat early • Sanitation • Vaccination • Treatment • Isolation and Environmental Manipulation

  3. Fish Health/Disease • Proper management • Observation of fish • Signs of stress • Unusual behavior • Skin lesions • Secondary infections • Due to stress Ex: Channel catfish in recirculation system • Average wt: 1 kg • Density: 600 g/l • Healthy condition • Power failure occurred • Resulted in: - - Costia epizootic several days later • Treatment with: • Disease + treatment = stress = additional disease due to other pathogens 1 week later = all fish died due to secondary infections.

  4. Fish Health/Disease • Proper management • Sanitation • Disinfection of all equipment, tanks, people, etc. • Restrictions on visitors • Disinfect boots, waders, etc. • Vaccines • Injection • Immersion/spray • Oral (feed) • Ongoing research and development • Viral and bacterial diseases

  5. Fish Health/Disease • Treatment • Isolation • Isolate affected animals or groups • Avoid contamination with uninfected groups • Physical environment • Disease treatments • Temperature or salinity changes • Re-circulation systems • Ponds • Difficult to treat

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