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Invaders, Traders and Empire Builders

Invaders, Traders and Empire Builders. Akkadians , Babylonians and Phoenicians. Sargon. Sargon of Akkad. http://bahumuth.chaosnet.org/apocrypha8.html. Conquered city-states of Sumer First empire known to history Appointed local rulers. Hammurabi. Babylon.

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Invaders, Traders and Empire Builders

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  1. Invaders, Traders and Empire Builders Akkadians, Babylonians and Phoenicians

  2. Sargon Sargon of Akkad http://bahumuth.chaosnet.org/apocrypha8.html • Conquered city-states of Sumer • First empire known to history • Appointed local rulers

  3. Hammurabi Babylon http://historydropoff.blogspot.com/2012/07/hammurabi-111.html • King of Babylon • Brought Mesopotamia under his control • Accomplishments: • Improved irrigation • Well-trained army • Temple repair

  4. Hammurabi’s Code Significance http://history.howstuffworks.com/asian-history/code-of-hammurabi.htm • First attempt to codify laws • Included criminal law • Offenses against others • Robbery, assault, murder • “An eye for an eye and a life for a life” • Included civil law • Contracts, property inheritance, taxes, marriage, divorce

  5. Next… • The Hittites take over Mesopotamia… • Then the Assyrians… • But we won’t really talk about them 

  6. Nebuchadnezzar http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_I Revived Babylon People joined forces to crush Assyrian army Nebuchadnezzar was ruthless, but oversaw rebuilding of the canals, temples, walls and palaces of Babylon Largest and most highly regarded in Mesopotamian history

  7. More Nebuchadnezzar Improvements in Babylon http://www.westcler.org/gh/curlessmatt/arthistory/2a/timeline2a.htm • Surrounded with defensive moat • Brick wall 85 feet thick • Solid gateways • Ishtar gate • Improved ziggurat • Hanging Gardens

  8. Hanging Gardens of Babylon http://ancientworldwonders.com/12-facts-about-the-hanging-gardens-of-babylon.html

  9. Persians After Nebuchadnezzar http://www.oznet.net/cyrus/cyframe.htm • Babylon fell to Cyrus the Great • Largest empire yet seen • Tolerance of people they conquered

  10. Darius I http://www.livius.org/sao-sd/satrap/satrap.htm Dividing an empire Divided into provinces Province: satrapy Headed by governor called a satrap Each province paid taxes based on resources and wealth

  11. More Darius Significances http://www.livius.org/da-dd/darius/darius_i_6.html • Common set of weights and measures = improved trade • Use of coins • Improved roads = unity through empire • Adapted laws from the people • Single code of laws for empire

  12. Zoroaster http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahura_Mazda Persian Religious thinker Single wise god, Ahura Mazda, ruled the world In constant battle against Ahriman, prince of lies and evil Individuals choose which side to support Final judgment day

  13. Phoenicians Sailors and traders http://pharology.eu/ThePhoenicians.html • Made glass from coastal sand • Produced purple dye • Colonies in North Africa to promote trade • “Carriers of civilization” • Spread Middle Eastern civilization around the Mediterranean

  14. Alphabet http://kolbrin.com/articles/phoenicians/ Phoenicians Established an alphabet Unlike cuneiform Each symbol represents a single basic sound 22 symbols, all consonants Later adopted by Greeks, who added vowels

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