CHAPTER 1 – THE NATURE OF LIFE

1. CHAPTER 1 – THE NATURE OF LIFE

2. THE NATURE OF LIFE

3. THE NATURE OF LIFE • MARS VS EARTH (WHAT’S THE BIG DEAL?!?)

4. THE NATURE OF LIFE • BIOLOGY • THE STUDY OF LIVING THINGS

5. THE NATURE OF LIFE • WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE ALIVE?? • THERE IS NO EASY ANSWER/DEFINITION TO THIS QUESTION…SO WHAT CAN WE DO TO FIGURE OUT IF SOMETHING IS “ALIVE”??

6. THE NATURE OF LIFE • WE DEFINE SOMETHING AS BEING ALIVE (AN ORGANISM) IF IT HAS THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERISTICS: • LIVING THINGS ARE HIGHLY ORGANIZED AND CONTAIN MANY COMPLEX CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES • LIVING THINGS ARE MADE UP OF ONE OR MORE CELLS • LIVING THINGS USE ENERGY • LIVING THINGS HAVE A DEFINITE FORM AND A LIMITED SIZE • LIVING THINGS HAVE A LIMITED LIFE SPAN • LIVING THINGS GROW • LIVING THINGS RESPOND TO CHANGES IN THE ENVIRONMENT • LIVING THINGS ARE ARE ABLE TO REPRODUCE • GROUPS OF LIVING THINGS CHANGE OVER TIME (EVOLUTION)

7. THE NATURE OF LIFE • SAY HELLO TO THE EBOLA VIRUS… • IS IT ALIVE?? • DOES IT MEETALL THECRITERIA MENTIONEDPREVIOUSLY??

8. THE NATURE OF LIFE • WE DEFINE SOMETHING AS BEING ALIVE (AN ORGANISM) IF IT HAS THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERISTICS: • LIVING THINGS ARE HIGHLY ORGANIZED AND CONTAIN MANY COMPLEX CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES - CHECK • LIVING THINGS ARE MADE UP OF ONE OR MORE CELLS - CHECK • LIVING THINGS USE ENERGY - CHECK • LIVING THINGS HAVE A DEFINITE FORM AND A LIMITED SIZE - CHECK • LIVING THINGS HAVE A LIMITED LIFE SPAN - CHECK • LIVING THINGS GROW - CHECK • LIVING THINGS RESPOND TO CHANGES IN THE ENVIRONMENT - CHECK • LIVING THINGS ARE ARE ABLE TO REPRODUCE – FAIL!!

9. THE NATURE OF LIFE • NON-LIVING THINGS MAY EXHIBIT SOME OF THE CHARACTERISTICS LISTED, BUT UNLESS ALL OF THEM ARE PRESENT…IT IS CONSIDERED A NONLIVING THING

10. THE NATURE OF LIFE • ANOTHER WAY TO DETERMINE IF SOMETHING IS LIVING IS IF IT PERFORMS ALL OF THE… • LIFE PROCESSES

11. THE NATURE OF LIFE • LIFE PROCESSES =H.N.T.R.S.G.E.R.M.R. (“HUNTERS GERMER”)

12. THE NATURE OF LIFE • H = HOMEOSTASIS • N = NUTRITION • T = TRANSPORT • R = RESPIRATION • S = SYNTHESIS • G = GROWTH • E = EXCRETION • R = REGULATION • M = METABOLISM • R = REPRODUCTION

13. THE NATURE OF LIFE • HOMEOSTASIS • MAINTAINING A STABLE INTERNALENVIRONMENT • “FEEDBACK” MECHANISMS

14. THE NATURE OF LIFE • NUTRITION • TAKING MATERIALS FROM THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT AND TURNING THEM INTO FORMS YOU CAN USE • AUTOTROPHIC VS.HETEROTROPHIC • INGESTION VS.DIGESTION VS.EGESTION

15. THE NATURE OF LIFE • TRANSPORT • THE PROCESS BY WHICH SUBSTANCES ENTER ANDLEAVE CELLS AND BECOME DISTRIBUTED WITHIN THE CELLS • *CIRCULATORY SYSTEM* • SPECIALIZED SYSTEM TO ALLOWFOR TRANSPORT

16. THE NATURE OF LIFE • RESPIRATION • BREATHING VS.CELLULARRESPIRATION • AEROBIC VS.ANAEROBIC

17. THE NATURE OF LIFE • SYNTHESIS • COMBININGSIMPLE SUBSTANCESTO FORM LARGER, MORE COMPLEX SUBSTANCES

18. THE NATURE OF LIFE • GROWTH • PROCESSBY WHICHORGANISMSINCREASE IN SIZE(EITHER # OF CELLS,OR SIZE OF CELL)

19. THE NATURE OF LIFE • EXCRETION • THE REMOVAL OFMETABOLIC WASTES

20. THE NATURE OF LIFE • REGULATION • ALL THE ACTIVITIESTHAT HELPAN ORGANISMMAINTAINHOMEOSTASIS • A.K.A“RESPONSE”

21. THE NATURE OF LIFE • METABOLISM • ALL THECHEMICALREACTIONS(RxNS) THATOCCUR IN THE BODY

22. THE NATURE OF LIFE • REPRODUCTION • THE PROCESSBY WHICHLIVING THINGSPRODUCE NEWORGANISMSOF THEIROWN KIND • ASEXUAL VS.SEXUAL • *ONLY PROCESS THAT ISNOT NECESSARY FOR INDIVIDUAL*

23. THE NATURE OF LIFE • ALWAYS REMEMBER… • H.N.T.R.S.G.E.R.M.R

24. THE NATURE OF LIFE • NEXT TIME…WE TALK ABOUT WHYI, AND YOU, LOVE SCIENCE • LEARN TO THINK, AND ACT, LIKE ASCIENTIST