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The Scientific Method

The Scientific Method. Science:. Is a particular way to investigate the world, a systematic attempt to understand the universe. Observation. The fundamental activity in science. Formulate a problem Ask a question: why? how? Example: “The Effect of Light on Seed Germination”.

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The Scientific Method

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  1. The Scientific Method

  2. Science: • Is a particular way to investigate the world, a systematic attempt to understand the universe

  3. Observation • The fundamental activity in science. • Formulate a problem • Ask a question: why? how? • Example:“The Effect of Light on SeedGermination”.

  4. Make observations • Suppose you noticed that corn seeds left on the surface of soil fail to germinate as readily as those buried in the soil.

  5. Hypothesis • A proposal that might be true • Light at the surface might be preventing the germination of the seeds.

  6. Prediction • Make a prediction based on the hypothesis. • If corn seeds are exposed to light, then they will not germinate as well as seeds placed in the dark.

  7. Conduct an Experiment • Test prediction. • Design an experiment.

  8. Assemble Two Sets • Experimental setup • Control

  9. Assemble Two Sets • Obtain 20 corn seeds; soak all seeds in water for 1 hour only. • Divide the seeds into 2 groups of 10. • Wet 2 paper towels. • Place one wet, folded paper towel into each of 2 Ziploc bags. • Place 10 seeds on top of the paper towel and seal the bags.

  10. Experimental Setup • The setup to which the variable is applied • Variable: that setup that is intentionally altered in an experiment. • This setup is the bag you place exposed to light for one week.

  11. Control • The setup in an experiment in which conditions are not altered. • The control is the bag you place in a location where is not exposed to light of any sort for one week.

  12. Results • Analyze and interpret results in light of the original hypothesis. • After one week, count and record the number of germinating seeds in each set.

  13. Reach Conclusion • Accept hypothesis OR • Reject hypothesis and propose new one. • Based on your results, does light prevent the germination of the seeds?

  14. Theory • A hypothesis supported by great deal of evidence

  15. Review • The fundamental activity in science. ?? • That setup in an experiment in which conditions are not altered. It allows a standard of comparison for the experimental group. • A possible answer to a scientific question. • A procedure designed to test a hypothesis.

  16. Question 1 • The experimental setup in an experiment: • A. makes the experiment valid. • B. is an additional replicate for statistical purposes. • C. reduces the experimental errors. • D. the setup to which the variable is applied. • E. allows a standard of comparison for the experimental group.

  17. Question 2 • What should we propose and test in order to arrive a solution to a problem? • A. laws. • B. theory. • C. hypothesis. • D. facts. • E. principles.

  18. Answers Question 1: D. the setup to which the variable is applied. Question 2: C. hypothesis.

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