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Shoulder & Pectoral Region

Muscles OF. Shoulder & Pectoral Region. Objectives. Know the landmarks of the bony structures of the shoulder and axillary regions. Discuss the muscles of pectoral and shoulder regions in terms of their origin, insertion, nerve supply and actions.

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Shoulder & Pectoral Region

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  1. Muscles OF Shoulder & Pectoral Region

  2. Objectives • Know the landmarks of the bony structures of the shoulder and axillary regions. • Discuss the muscles of pectoral and shoulder regions in terms of their origin, insertion, nerve supply and actions. • Understand how muscles are responsible for the movements (adduction, abduction, flexion and extension) at the shoulder joint. • Know the rotator cuff muscles, external and internal rotators.

  3. Surface Anatomy

  4. Surface Anatomy

  5. Bony Skeleton • Axial? • Appendicular? • Can you name some? • Shoulder Girdle..

  6. Bony Skeleton

  7. Shoulder Girdle

  8. Pectoral Girdle • Direct: Clavicle, Scapula from the trunk Pectoralis minor, trapezius and rhomboids. • Indirect : Muscles of the great axillary folds as Pectoralis Major, and Latissimus dorsi.

  9. Clavicle

  10. Anterior Scapula. -angles, borders -glenoid cavity, -acromion, -coracoid process, -Subscapular fossa Humerus. -Head, -Surgical neck -Anatomical neck -Greater tubercle -Lesser tubercle -Intertubercular (bicipital) groove acromion anatomical neck coracoid process Lesser tubercule Greater tubercule surgical neck bicipital groove glenoid cavity

  11. Posterior Clavicle. Acromioclavicular joint Scapula. - Spine - Acromion - Supraspinous fossa - Infraspinous fossa Humerus. - Head - Anatomical neck, - Surgical neck, - Deltoid tuberosity - Spiral (radial) groove. Acromioclavicular joint Supraspinous Fossa anatomical neck surgical neck Spine Deltoid Tuberosity Infraspinous Fossa Radial Groove

  12. Movements of the shoulder joint (Scapulohumeral): Abduction / adduction Flexion / extension Rotation – internal (medial) - external (lateral) Movements of the scapula (Thoracoappendicular): (increase range of movement of upper limb) Protraction / Retraction Elevation / Depression Rotation: Superior / Inferior Circumduction

  13. Name the action

  14. We need MUSCLES for all that!! Muscles are named by either their; Attachments ----- “Sternohyoid” Location ---- ”Pectoralis” Action ---- “Levator” Shape ---- ”Quadratus” Direction of fibers ---- “Rectus” Nerve supply of the muscles tells us the story about it’s embryological origin.

  15. Pectoralis minor - deep to pectoralismajor - protraction of scapula - guide to axilla • Pectoralis Major: 2 parts • - Together (adduction, medial rotation) • Clavicular head (flexion) • Sternocostal head (extension) • (common insertion: lateral lip of intertubercular groove) Clavicular Sternocostal

  16. Trapezius: • 3 parts • Superior fibers elevate • (insert lateral 1/3 of clavicle) • Middle fibers retract • (insert acromion) • Inferior fibers depress • (insert spine of scapula) • - Acting together, the • superior and inferior • fibers will rotate scapula. Superior Middle Inferior

  17. Latissimus Dorsi: • -(inserts floor of intertubercular groove) • Extends, adducts and • medially rotates • Humerus. Swimming, And Climbing a tree

  18. Posterior view: - Trapezius - Latissimus Dorsi - Deltoid Trapezius Rhomboids Deltoid Rhomboids: - minor and major - retract / inferior rotate scapula Teres Major Latissimus Dorsi Teres major: - inserts near Latissimus dorsi - adduct / medially rotate arm

  19. Shoulder Flexion Anterior Arm. – Biceps brachi – Coracobrachialis Coracobrachialis Biceps Actions: Biceps – supination + flexion (shoulder, elbow) Coracobrachialis – weak flexion / adduction (shoulder)

  20. Deltoid: 3 parts • Anterior (flexion, med. rotation) • Middle (abduction) • Posterior (extension, lat. rotation) • (common insertion: deltoid tuberosity) Posterior Anterior Deltoid

  21. Shoulder Extension • Posterior Arm. • Triceps • (3 heads) • -long head extends • shoulder. • Action: Extension Axillary Nerve Teres minor Deltoid Long Lateral Triceps Medial

  22. Key Muscles that act across the Shoulder Joint. Adduction – pectoralis major, lattisimus dorsi. Abduction – deltoid, supraspinatus. Flexion – pectoralis major, deltoid (anterior), – coracobrachialis, biceps. Extension – latissimus dorsi, deltoid (posterior); – pectoralis major from flexed position - triceps (long head). Medial Rotation – subscapularis, pectoralis major, deltoid (anterior), – latissimus dorsi, teres major; Lateral Rotation – infraspinatus, teres minor, deltoid (posterior).

  23. Thank you

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