Most new proteins come from genome sequencing projects

1. Most new proteins come from genome sequencing projects • Mycoplasma genitalium - 484 proteins • Escherichia coli - 4,288 proteins • S. cerevisiae (yeast) - 5,932 proteins • C. elegans (worm) ~ 19,000 proteins • Homo sapiens ~ 40,000 proteins ... and have unknown functions

2. Pathways and Regulatory Circuits Hypothetical Cell Sequence, Other Data Putative Functional Groups Bioinformatics and Genomics/Proteomics Unknown Genes

3. 20th century Few well-studied proteins Mostly globular with enzymatic activity Biased protein set 21st century Many “hypothetical” proteins Various, often with no enzymatic activity Natural protein set The changing face of protein science

4. FBB Bioinformatics strategy GENETICS EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY FUNCTIONAL GENETICS PROTEOMICS STRUCTURAL GENIMOCS Bioinformatics METABOLOMICS GENOM SEQUENCING PROTEIN INTERACTION NETWORKS LITERATURE CLINICAL DATA

5. Modern biotechnology • MARKET - 500 billions $ US • Europe - 1570 companies • USA - 1273 companies • Human genome - 1988 • 3 billions $ US • More than 30 countries • Bioinformnetworks • Genomics • Proteomics • Metabolomics • Health • Agriculture • Environmental • Energy • Industry • Bioinformatics in vitro + in vivo INSILICO

6. Reverse Genetics Phenotype Genotype Forward Genetics RNA Proteins Metabolites Organism GENE DNA Sequence Map From Genomics to Products Markers New Genes B i o i n f o r m a t i c s New Trails Transcriptome Proteome Metabolome New Actions Genomics Platform Profiling New Products

7. Algorithmic developments • Important part of research in bioinformatics: methods for data storage data retrieval data analysis

8. HTML • the hypertext markup language used on the World Wide Web (WWW) • plain-text (ASCII) files created any text editor (e.g., Notepad) or WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) editors (HotMetal, Microsoft Front Page Editor\ Netscape Editor).

9. An element • a fundamental component of the structure of a text document/ • heads, tables, paragraphs, and lists • Tags used to mark the elements • HTML tags • a left angle bracket (<) • a tag name • a right angle bracket (>). Tags are usually paired (e.g., <H1> and </H1>) to start and end the tag instruction. HTML not case sensitive.<title><TITLE><TiTlE>

10. Simple HTML file • HTML: tell browser the file contains HTML-coded information. • HEAD: the first part of your HTML-coded document • TITLE: the document title. The title is displayed somewhere on the browser window (usually at the top). keep your titles to 64 characters or fewer. • AUTHOR: This information can be helpful to readers who've found the document by using a Web search tool. • DESCRIPTION: A brief description. helpful to readers searching for a specific topic. • KEYWORDS: searching services use to help users locate the document on the Web. • BODY: The second--and largest--part of your HTML document is the body, which contains the content of your document • Paragraphs: Unlike documents in most word processors, carriage returns aren't significant. A Web browser ignores any empty line break and starts a new paragraph only when it encounters another <P> tag.

11. Physical Styles <B> bold text <I> italic text Linking in HTML Hypertext-related tag is <A> start with <A (space after A) specify the linking document by HREF=“filename” followed by (>) enter the text as the hypertext link enter the ending anchor tag: </A> (no space) <A HREF=“MaineStats.html”>Maine</A> Maine the hyperlink to the document MaineStats.html. Extra