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Breakfast Club

Breakfast Club. Erickson ’ s. Stage 5: Adolescence -- Age 12 to 18 Crisis: Identity vs. Role Confusion 


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Breakfast Club

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  1. Breakfast Club

  2. Erickson’s • Stage 5: Adolescence -- Age 12 to 18 • Crisis: Identity vs. Role Confusion 
 • Description: This is the time when we ask the question "Who am I?" To successfully answer this question, Erikson suggests, the adolescent must integrate the healthy resolution of all earlier conflicts. Did we develop the basic sense of trust? Do we have a strong sense of independence, competence, and feel in control of our lives? Adolescents who have successfully dealt with earlier conflicts are ready for the "Identity Crisis", which is considered by Erikson as the single most significant conflict a person must face.

  3. Piaget Cognitive Development

  4. Kohlberg’s Moral Development

  5. James Marcia’sIdentity Statuses • Moratorium • Exploring an identity but no major decisions have been made • Foreclosure • Decisions have been made based on the ideas of others • Diffusion • No progress. Not exploring options and no decisions made • Achievement • Considered options and have committed to an identity

  6. Parenting Styles • Authoritative: democratic style of parenting, parents are attentive, forgiving, teach their offspring proper behavior, have a set of rules, and if child fails to follow their is punishment, if followed their is reward/reinforcement • Authoritarian: strict parenting style, involves high expectations from parents but have little communication between child and parents. Parents don't provide logical reasoning for rules and limits, and are prone to harsh punishments • Permissive: parents take on the role of "friends" rather than parents, do not have any expectations of child, they allow the child to make their own decisions • Uninvolved: parents neglect their child by putting their own life before the child's. They do provide for the child's basic needs but they show little interaction with the child

  7. Elkind’s List of Problems • Finding fault with authority figures: Adolescents realize the adults they have admired for years fall short of the ideal person and they let everyone know this. • Argumentativeness: They develop viewpoints and are eager to argue them (argument involves abstract thinking). • Indecisiveness: More aware of many choices and they have a hard time making decisions. • Apparent hypocrisy: Have difficulty understanding an ideal and living up to it. • Self-consciousness: (imaginary audience); egocentric view where adolescents assume everyone is looking at them/thinking the same thing they are. • Invulnerability: (personal fable); they feel special and unique and they are not subject to rules; feel invincible  can lead to risk taking and self-destructive behavior. (“No one understands me;”“It can’t happen to me.”)

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