September 16, 2013 – Bell Work copy each simple machine the back of your ISN VIDEO -Click Here

1. September 16, 2013 – Bell Workcopy each simple machine the back of your ISN VIDEO-Click Here

2. 8th Grade Science Vocabulary Terms (140 terms for Frayer Model) • absorb • acquired traits • adaptations • atmosphere • atoms • balance of nature • balance scale • benefit • cell wall • cells • characteristics • chemical change • chemical weathering • chlorophyll • chromosome • climax community • closed circuit • cold blooded • cold front • community • competition • compound • conclusion • condensation • conductor • consumer • control • cytoplasm • data (datum) • decomposer • density • digestive system • direct rays • dominant traits • echo • echolocation • ecosystem • egg cell (ovary) • electromagnet • element • elevation • embryo • erosion • evaporation • evidence • evolution • extinct • fertilization • flower • food chain • food web • force • fossil • fulcrum • galaxy • gas • gene • germinate • gravity • heredity • humidity • hypothesis • igneous rock • inclined plane • incomplete circuit • inference • inherited traits • investigation • landfill • lava • lever • liquids • lunar phases • magma • mass • mechanical weathering • metamorphic rocks • meter • microscope • mineral • mixture • molecules • non-conductor (insulator) • non-native species (exotic) • observation • opaque • organ • ozone • parasite • photosynthesis • physical change • pioneer species • pollen • pollutant • population • precipitation • predation • procedure • producer • pulley • purpose • reaction force • recessive trait • reflect • refract • revolve • rock cycle • rotate • runoff • sedimentary rock • simple machine • single-celled organism • solar eclipse • solid • sonar • sound waves • speed • sublimation • succession • surface mining • symbiosis • temperature • thermal contraction • thermal expansion • thermometer • translucent • transparent • unbalanced forces • urban development • vacuum • vertebrate • volume • warm blooded • warm front • water cycle • weather • weight • wetland • wheel and axle • zygote

3. absorb Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Dark colors absorb heat Light is absorbed or reflected Leaves absorb sunlight in order to make food (photosynthesize) Sound waves are absorbed or reflected (echo) Cells absorb nutrients from their environment • To collect, or take in Memory Pictograph

4. acquired traits Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample traits NOT from parent, but from environment Help organism survive better Trait develops because of environmental conditions Ex: culture, language, larger muscles, acquired skill such as riding a bike Nonex: hair color, freckles, gender ----- inherited traits • Characteristic that an organisms develops because of its environment Memory Pictograph

5. adaptations Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Body parts of behaviors that help an organisms to survive more adaptations better chances for survival (Darwin) EX: Galapagos Islands finches with beaks adapted to what they feed on/ camouflage/ speed/ special coloration NONEX: traits that make survival less likely • Traits that help plants and animals survive better Memory Pictograph

6. atmosphere Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample 78% nitrogen 21% oxygen Mixture of nitrogen, oxygen and other gases in much smaller amounts Reduces in pressure as you go up in elevation Several layers that have different properties NONEX: hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere • blanket of gases that surround the Earth Memory Pictograph

7. atoms Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Atoms bond together to form molecules Solids, liquids, gases, and plasma – made of atoms Atoms contain particles: Protons (+) neutrons(no charge) electrons(-) Invisible and mostly empty space EX: Hydrogen atoms and all elements of the Periodic Table NONEX: Molecules are MADE OF atoms bonded together • Smallest form of matter Memory Pictograph Carbon Atom – Atomic # 6

8. balance of nature Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Helps prevent overpopulation Birth rate and death rate are similar Waste of one species is food source for another species EX: bacteria are decomposers/ roaches are scavengers NONEX: Lake Erie dead zones from too much algae growth kills fish in sudden die off event • Balance and variety of species in a community Memory Pictograph

9. balance scale Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Measuring tool Works like a lever Compares unknown mass to known mass Measures in metric: grams (g) or kilograms (kg) Heavy mass goes down/ light mass goes up EX: triple beam balance NONEX: human weight scale – measures mass and pull of gravity on you which depends on whether you are on Earth, moon, or another planet • Instrument used to measure mass (amount of matter)of an object Memory Pictograph

10. benefit Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Anything that helps a species survive Benefits come with risks EX: pesticides can benefit humans by reducing mosquito populations BUT organisms that feed off mosquitoes (bats, birds, fish, frogs) will be harmed NONEX: no long term benefit to using up all the resources • Something that provides and advantage to an organism Memory Pictograph

11. cells Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Animal cells usually round Plant cells usually more squared off Human body made up of trillions of cells All cells come from other living cells EX: prokaryote (no nucleus) and eukaryote (has nucleus) cells NONEX: atoms and molecules are matter that help to make up cells but cells are alive and matter is not • Basic unit of all living things Memory Pictograph

12. cell wall Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample Hard rigid boundary that provides support and protection Explains why plants do not move about well Can bend, but will not move EX: made of cellulose and makes wood hard and durable NONEX: animal cells do NOT have cell walls • Outer boundary of a plant, fungi, and bacteria cells Memory Pictograph

13. characteristics Definition Facts/Examples/NonExample We inherit our traits from our parents So do other organisms 50% from each parent organism EX: hair color, body shape, skin color NONEX: acquired traits such as playing a musical instrument • Collection of traits that form the way an organism looks Memory Pictograph