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HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

HUMAN GEOGRAPHY . RUSSIA: the land of the Czar . Russian Monarchy: Pre-Romanov Era (1500-1600). IVAN III (1462 – 1505) (Ivan the Great) Liberated Russia from the Mongols Centralized the government Expanded East=more ethnicity Vasily Continued Father’s work Ivan the IV (Ivan the Terrible )

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HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

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  1. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY RUSSIA: the land of the Czar

  2. Russian Monarchy: Pre-Romanov Era (1500-1600) • IVAN III (1462 – 1505) (Ivan the Great) • Liberated Russia from the Mongols • Centralized the government • Expanded East=more ethnicity • Vasily • Continued Father’s work • Ivan the IV (Ivan the Terrible) • Inherited thrown at age 3. Crowned at 16. • 1st to use Czar title.

  3. Pre-Romanov Cont. • Boyars: land owning nobles; fought for control of Ivan • Bad Ivan – believed Boyars killed his wife • Sent secret police to hunt down anyone he thought was a traitor • Time of Troubles • Ivan kills oldest Son • Younger son fails at ruling • No Heir • Power struggle • End of Ivan

  4. The Romanov monarchy 1600-1917 • Romanov Family • Strengthens and restores • Differences b/t Russia and Europe during this time period • Serfdom in Russia lasts longer = greater gaps in social classes • NO Renaissance, Enlightenment, and/or Age of Exploration. • Religion – Russian Orthodox - Europe – Catholic and Protestant

  5. Peter the Great • Restores order • Began Westernization • St. Petersburg • Women • Grand Embassy • Alexander III • Strengthened • Imprisoned “Dangerous People” • Made Russian the Official language of Russia. • Pogroms • Nicholas II • The last Czar • Revolution begins with the working class • Trans-Siberian Railroad • Weak Leader

  6. Russian Revolution 1917 • Russian Revolution – ended the rule of the czar and the Romanov Dynasty • Vladimir Lenin- Leader of the Bolsheviks • Communist party took control of the government.

  7. Revolution cont. • Reasons for revolution • Growing Social Gap • Lenin – leader of the Bolsheviks • Working class • Exiled • Bloody Sunday • Protests • WWI • Weak army • Loss after loss • Rasputin

  8. THE USSr (1917-1991) • Civil War- (1918-1922) Red & White or Bolsheviks and Monarchists • Power struggle after Nicholas II • 1922 Communist Red party won and creates the USSR • Union of Soviet Socialist Republics • Ukraine, Belarus, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan

  9. Soviet Leaders • V.I. Lenin • Moved Capital • Father of Russian Communism • Death lead to Power struggle • Body on display • Josef Stalin • Ruled through WWII • 5 year plan • Totalitarianism • The Great Purge • Command economy • Nikita Kruschev • Raised living standards • Began Space Race

  10. Leonid Breshnev • Arms Race • Olympic Boycott • Andropov & Chernenko • Mikhail Gorbachev • Last Communist Leader of Russia • Reforms towards political and economical freedom • Gave Eastern Europe Freedom

  11. Cold War • 40 year War of politics USA v. USSR • Major Events of the Cold War: • NATO v. Warsaw Pact (alliances formed) • Weapons buildup • Space Race (sputnik / moon landing) • Bay of Pigs • Cuban Missile Crisis • Berlin Wall • Why is it called the Cold War? • A war of words… No fighting ever took place!!

  12. The Fall Of Communism • 1991 USSR > 15 independent nations • Why? • Falling behind the rest of the world • Corruption made system fall apart • Communism was not functioning properly…People had enough of scare tactics! • Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine, Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.

  13. Unrest in the 1980’s • Past Leaders reward Silence and discourage individualism • Gorbachev – wants to improve life • Glastnost – “openness” Allowed criticisms to be heard • Move toward Democracy (open elections) • Perestroika - • Lithuania • 1st to declare independence • Gorbachev made an example of them.

  14. Boris yeltsin > Putin • Criticizes Gorbachev’s reaction • Free Market • Gains trust and becomes President after fall of USSR (1990) • Hardliners • Communist oppose and attempt to overthrow but fail • Putin - Current President of Russia • 1st freely elected leader of Russia

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