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Elements

Elements. Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids. Metals . What is a metal? Are there any types of metals in this room? How do you know they are metals? Metals have certain characteristics that we are going to talk about today!. Physical Properties of Metals. Hardness

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Elements

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  1. Elements Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

  2. Metals • What is a metal? • Are there any types of metals in this room? • How do you know they are metals? • Metals have certain characteristics that we are going to talk about today!

  3. Physical Properties of Metals • Hardness • _____________________________ • Shininess • Polished _________________ • ___________________ • Can be pounded into shapes • Ductility • Can be pulled out, or drawn into _____ • _________________

  4. Physical Properties of Metals • Metals are good _______________—which means they can transmit _____________ and __________________ easily • Some are even _______________…such as Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), and Nickel (Ni)

  5. Physical Properties of Metals • Most metals are ___________ at room temperature • They have a very __________ melting point • ________________ is an exception because it is a liquid at room temperature but is still a metal

  6. Chemical Properties of Metals • ________________ • Sodium (Na) and Potassium (K) will react explosively if exposed to _______________ • Gold (Au) and Chromium (Cr) are two elements that react very slow to air

  7. Chemical Properties of Metals • Most metals fall in between Sodium and Gold • They react slowly to air but forming _________________ giving it a reddish-brown color. The oxide flakes on the outside of the metal will causes it to wear away…this is called _________________

  8. Alloys • A mixture of metals is called an __________ • Useful alloys combine the __________ properties of two or more metals into a single ___________________. • Examples: • _____________ is malleable and soft, but when mixed with tin forms what we call bronze…which can last hundreds of years • _____________ is copper and zinc • ___________________ is iron, carbon, chromium, and vanadium

  9. Name three characteristics found in metals.What is an alloy?What is the difference in physical and chemical properties of metals?

  10. Nonmetals • Look around, do you see any items that can be considered nonmetals? • What are they?

  11. Nonmetals • _____________________ are the elements that lack most of the properties of metals • Most are very common elements and are extremely importance to ___________________

  12. Physical Properties of Nonmetals • Some are Gases at room temperature, low boiling points • _____________ (N) and _____________ (O) • Some are solids at room temperature • Carbon (C) and _____________ (I) • _______________ (Br) is the only nonmetal that is a liquid at room temperature

  13. Physical Properties of Nonmetals • In general, the physical properties of nonmetals are _______________ to those that characterize the metals • Dull • ____________________ • Breaks easily or crumbles • Poor _______________of heat and electricity

  14. Chemical Properties of Nonmetals • Most (not all) nonmetals have atoms that can share/gain electrons making the atoms react with other atoms…. forming _____________________

  15. Metalloids • These are the elements that are on the border between the metals and the nonmetals, they have characteristics of ______________ • There are _____________ elements that are metalloids

  16. Metalloids • Boron (B) • Silicon (Si) **Most common • Germanium (Ge) • Arsenic (As) • Antimony (Sb) • Tellurium (Te) • Astatine (At)

  17. Properties of Metalloids • The most useful property of the metalloids is their ___________ability to conduct ______________ • Temperature • Exposure to _____________ • Impurities • Great for making _______________________- substances that under some conditions can carry electricity, while under others they cannot carry electricity • Examples:

  18. What properties identify nonmetals?Describe an important use of metalloids.What is the difference between a metal, nonmetal, and a metalloid?

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