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Morphemes

Morphemes. Suffix. A little Persian. Morpheme. {-i}. Suffix. A little Persian. Morpheme. {-i}. Noun Former. Suffix. A little Persian. Morpheme. {-i}. Noun Former. Simplex. Complex. adjective —> [adjective-affix] noun. Noun. Noun. Adjective. Adjective. Adj. Af. Adj. Af.

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Morphemes

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  1. Morphemes English 306A; Harris

  2. Suffix A little Persian Morpheme {-i} English 306A; Harris

  3. Suffix A little Persian Morpheme {-i} Noun Former English 306A; Harris

  4. Suffix A little Persian Morpheme {-i} Noun Former Simplex Complex adjective —> [adjective-affix]noun Noun Noun Adjective Adjective Adj Af Adj Af English 306A; Harris

  5. The smallest signifier/signified bundles • {un-} Antonym former • {re-} Iterative former • {draw} Verb, to make representative marks • {-s} Third-singular-present agreement former • {-ing} Present-participle former English 306A; Harris

  6. Homophony/PolysemyBut, … matching the signifiers and signifieds is not a piece of cake • {-ing} Present-participle former “Oriana is drawing the cat” • {-ing} Gerund former “Oriana’s drawing of the cat is beautiful.” • {-ing} Adjective former “Oriana’s drawing chalk is the white one” English 306A; Harris

  7. SignifierSemasiology SignifiedOnomasiology Bound!Derivational! What type is {-i}? • Morpheme form free (= word) bound (= affix) • prefix • suffix • infix • circumfix • Morpheme function derivational • change meaning dramatically, and/or word category inflectional • never change category, and only change meaning very subtly Noun adjective Af xubi English 306A; Harris

  8. SignifierSemasiology SignifiedOnomasiology • Morpheme form free (= word) bound (= affix) • prefix • suffix • infix • circumfix • Morpheme function derivational • change meaning dramatically, and/or word category inflectional • never change category, and only change meaning very subtly Noun adjective Af xubi adjective  [adjective-i]noun English 306A; Harris

  9. New New Old Af Af Old oooa aooooo New Af Old ooaoo Old Af Old Af aooooa Affix rules • prefix oldcategory  [affix-oldcategory]newcategory • suffix oldcategory  [oldcategory-affix]newcategory • infix oldcategory  [old-affix- category]newcategory • circumfix oldcategory  [af-oldcategory-fix]newcategory English 306A; Harris

  10. Affix rules • Prefix e.g. {un-} adjective  [un-adjective ]adjective {anti-} adjective  [anti-adjective ]adjective {auto-} noun  [auto-noun ]noun • suffix {-er} verb  [verb-er]noun {-ness} adjective  [adjective-ness]noun {-ly} adjective  [adjective-ly]adverb unattractive anti-racist autobiography writer happiness quickly English 306A; Harris

  11. CompoundsMorphological analysis Noun Adjective Noun blackboard English 306A; Harris

  12. Free morphemeMorphological analysis Noun? Verb? Adjective? Adverb? Preposition? Determiner? Qualifier? Quantifier? Who cares? ? fly English 306A; Harris

  13. Free morphemeMorphological analysis Noun fly English 306A; Harris

  14. Free morphemeMorphological analysis Verb fly English 306A; Harris

  15. Free morphemeMorphological analysis Adjective fly English 306A; Harris

  16. Bound morpheme(necessarily, with a free one too)Morphological analysis ? ? Af flies English 306A; Harris

  17. Bound morpheme(necessarily, with a free one too)Morphological analysis Noun Noun Af Plural flies English 306A; Harris

  18. Bound morpheme(necessarily, with a free one too)Morphological analysis Verb Verb Af 3rd singularpresentagreement flies English 306A; Harris

  19. Bound morpheme(necessarily, with a free one too)Morphological analysis Adjective Adjective Af flies English 306A; Harris

  20. Free morphemeMorphological analysis Adjective ? Adjective ? Adjective Af Adjective Af flier fliest English 306A; Harris

  21. Optionality optionality English 306A; Harris

  22. Optionality Noun optionality English 306A; Harris

  23. Af Optionality Noun Adj optionality English 306A; Harris

  24. Af Optionality Noun Adj Noun Af optionality English 306A; Harris

  25. Optionality Noun Adj Noun Verb Af Af Af optionality English 306A; Harris

  26. Optionality Noun Adj Noun Verb Af Af Af optionality English 306A; Harris

  27. Roots and stems stems optionality root English 306A; Harris

  28. Ainu (Japan) English 306A; Harris

  29. adjective —> [e-adjective]verb English 306A; Harris

  30. Ainu (Japan) Verb Af Adjective e pirka English 306A; Harris

  31. Bontoc (Philippines) • {-um-} third-person singular masculine inchoative verb-former kumilad = he is becoming red he, not I or you he, not they he, not she or it becoming is; state change English 306A; Harris

  32. Verb Adjective Af Bontoc (Philippines) k um ilad English 306A; Harris

  33. MorphophonologyZoque possessives English 306A; Harris

  34. MorphophonologyZoque possessives English 306A; Harris

  35. MorphophonologyZoque possessives English 306A; Harris

  36. MorphologyZoque possessives • {-j- } • third-person • singular • masculine • possessive English 306A; Harris

  37. MorphologyZoque possessives b j uRu English 306A; Harris

  38. Noun Noun Af Morphologynoun —> [n-j-oun]noun b j uRu English 306A; Harris

  39. MorphophonologyZoque possessives • {m-}, {n-}, {N-} • first-person • singular • possessive English 306A; Harris

  40. MorphophonologyZoque possessives Noun Noun Noun Af Af Af Noun Noun Noun Assimilation in place of articulation n wakas m pama N kama English 306A; Harris

  41. Chickasaw English 306A; Harris

  42. Chickasaw • {-a}, {-i} • third-person • singular • affirmative • {ik- … -o} • third-person • singular • negative • Verb forms • chokm- • lakn- • pall- • tiww- English 306A; Harris

  43. Verb Verb Af Af Chickasaw circumfix verb —> [ik-verb-o]verb iklakno English 306A; Harris

  44. Af Af Circumfixes and suffixes/prefixes Noun Verb Adj Verb Af Adj Af iklakno postmodernism English 306A; Harris

  45. Noun Verb Adj Af Verb Af Af Adj Af Circumfixes and suffixes/prefixes iklakno postmodernism English 306A; Harris

  46. English “Circumfixes” • em-bold-en • en-light-en • ir-regard-less • a-work-in • a-turn-in • a-change-in English 306A; Harris

  47. English reduplication dilly-dally heebie-jeebies chit-chat fiddle-faddle mumbo-jumbo hocus-pocus English 306A; Harris

  48. English reduplication boy toy toy boy pooper scooper artsy-fartsy walkie-talkie wiggle-waggle English 306A; Harris

  49. English reduplication Ping-pong vs.Table tennis English 306A; Harris

  50. English reduplication: gang-bang • Onomasiologically • extremely serious referents • Semasiologically • trivializing reduplicative form English 306A; Harris

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