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Chapter 4 Operating Systems and File Management

Chapter 4 Operating Systems and File Management. Operating System Activities. An operating system is a type of system software that acts as the master controller for all activities that take place within a computer system. Operating System Activities. Operating System Activities.

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Chapter 4 Operating Systems and File Management

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  1. Chapter 4Operating Systems and File Management

  2. Operating System Activities • An operating system is a type of system software that acts as the master controller for all activities that take place within a computer system Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  3. Operating System Activities Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  4. Operating System Activities • Multitasking provides process and memory management services that allow two or more tasks, jobs, or programs to run simultaneously • Within a single program, multithreading allows multiple parts, or threads, to run simultaneously • When multiple programs are running, the OS should prevent a memory leak—a situation in which instructions and data from one area of memory overflow into memory allocated to another program Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  5. Operating System Activities • Operating System Categories • Single-user operating system • Multiuser operating system • Server operating system • Desktop operating system • Handheld operating system Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  6. Operating System Activities CLICK TO START Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  7. User Interfaces • The combination of hardware and software that helps people and computers communicate with each other Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  8. User Interfaces • Buttons, menu bars, toolbars, taskbars, and Ribbons Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  9. User Interfaces • Menus, submenus, and dialog boxes Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  10. The Boot Process Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  11. Microsoft Windows CLICK TO START Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  12. Mac OS CLICK TO START Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  13. Mac OS CLICK TO START Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  14. Mac OS • Popular virtual machine software such as VMware and Parallels Desktop can run on most computers with Intel microprocessors, including Intel Macs, PCs, and generic Linux computers Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  15. UNIX and Linux CLICK TO START Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  16. DOS • Disk Operating System • First operating system that many used Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  17. Handheld and Tablet Operating Systems Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  18. File Directories and Folders • An operating system maintains a directory for each storage disk, CD, DVD, BD, or USB flash drive • Root directory • Subdirectory • Depicted as folders • A computer’s file location is defined by a file specification, or path Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  19. File Formats • A software application can open files that exist in its native file format, plus several additional file formats Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  20. File Formats CLICK TO START Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  21. Application-Based File Management • Applications generally provide a way to open files and save them in a specific folder on a designated storage device CLICK TO START Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  22. Application-Based File Management Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  23. File Management Utilities • File management utilities show you the files stored on your disks and help you work with them CLICK TO START Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  24. Windows Explorer CLICK TO START Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  25. Windows Explorer CLICK TO START Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  26. Physical File Storage • The physical storage model describes what happens on the disks and in the circuits • Storage media must be formatted before it can store files • The formatting process divides the disk into tracks and sectors Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  27. Physical File Storage Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  28. Physical File Storage • The file system keeps track of the names and locations of files • NTFS • Master File Table (MFT) Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  29. Physical File Storage • Fragmented files are stored in noncontiguous clusters and decrease performance • Defragmentation utilities rearrange files so that they are stored in contiguous clusters CLICK TO START Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  30. Backup Basics Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  31. Synchronization Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  32. Windows Backup CLICK TO START Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  33. Windows Backup Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  34. Windows Backup CLICK TO START Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  35. Virtual Machines Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  36. Handheld Backup Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

  37. Chapter 4 Complete

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