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Turnaround Schools in California: Who Are They and What Strategies Do They Use?. Mette Huberman, AIR CERA Conference December 2, 2011 . Study Background. Study part of California Comprehensive Center One of 16 regional centers; AIR subcontractor to WestEd
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Turnaround Schools in California: Who Are They andWhat Strategies Do They Use? Mette Huberman, AIR CERA Conference December 2, 2011
Study Background • Study part of California Comprehensive Center • One of 16 regional centers; AIR subcontractor to WestEd • Federal and state focus on turnaround schools • No Child Left Behind (NCLB) • School Improvement Grants (SIG) • SIG schools lowest 5% of schools; no definition of turnaround • Four turnaround models • 1) Transformation; 2) Turnaround; 3) Restart; 4) Closure
Study Background (cont.) • A need for definitions of both low performance and turnaround • Different definitions and strategies identified in the literature • Purpose of current study • Definition of low performance and turnaround in California (not SIG schools) • Identification of strategies in sample of schools
School Selection Methodology • All CA schools, including charters • Seven year period • Pre-turnaround, 3 years (2003-2005) • Turnaround, 3 years (2006-2009) • Sustainability, 1 year (2009-2010) • Use of average ELA and math standardized California Standards Test mean scale scores • Ten criteria for defining turnaround
Summary of Selection Criteria • Low-performance • Start in lowest third of school performance • Turnaround • End in middle third of school performance • Overall and subgroup growth • No substantial change in student population • Subgroups and enrollment • Sustained performance • Overall and subgroup performance
Selection of School Sample • Ordered the 44 schools from highest to lowest growth • 35 elementary schools • 4 middle schools • 5 high schools • Selected 10 schools: 4 ES, 3 MS, 3 HS • Demographic diversity • Excluded one high school from analysis
Data Collection Process • One-hour phone interviews with principals • Ask about three most important factors in process • Probe on answers around strategies from literature • Strong leadership and staff • Cohesive instructional strategies • Use of data to change instruction • Teacher collaboration • Extended learning time • District/external support
Eight Strategies Across Schools • Instructional strategies focused on student subgroups • Shadowing of English learners (Mountain View MS) • An emphasis on teacher collaboration • District-wide Professional Learning Communities (Del Rey ES) • Strong instructional leadership • In classrooms, doing walk-throughs, providing feedback
School Strategies (cont.) • Regular use of assessments and analysis of data • Special project teachers (Prairie Vista MS) • Increased parent involvement • 40 hours of parent service per year (St. Hope PS7 Charter) • Guidance and support provided by the district • District Executive Directors (Silver Wing ES)
School Strategies (cont.) • Use of student engagement strategies • Gradual Release of Responsibility (GRR) (Silver Wing ES) • Use of extended learning time • After school, Saturday, and support classes (Sweetwater HS)
School Profile: 122nd St Elem, LAUSD • Demographics: K-5; 674 students; 86% poverty; 53% ELs • Performance: PI Year 2; 2010-11: CA Distinguished School and Title I Awards • Strategies • Quick wins (school facilities and parent involvement) • Professional development • Coaching • Teacher collaboration • Challenges • Layoffs; tutoring program cut; low morale
Challenges Across Schools • Budget cuts (8) • Negative perceptions of school (5) • Lack of teacher buy-in to improvement efforts (4) • Having staff who were not “right fit” (4)
Policy and Practice Implications • Clearly define both low performance and turnaround • Too much emphasis on replacement of staff in current SIG models • Focus on how to assist and improve existing staff instead • Define role of district in turnaround process • Create structures for sharing best practices • Study turnaround schools that are able to sustain performance versus schools that are not
Webinar • Webinar on Schools Moving Up • December 8, 10:30 am – 12:00 pm • Strategies for School Turnaround: School and District Level Perspectives • Two research perspectives and reflections from practitioner • http://www.schoolsmovingup.net/webinars/turnaround
Mette Huberman American Institutes for Research mhuberman@air.org California Collaborative on District Reform Questions or Comments?