1 / 29

Imaging with Waves

Imaging with Waves. How good is the eye?. 100 - 50  m resolution. Magnification. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. Seeing small things. The inverted telescope. Robert Hooke. Seeing sharper. Modern optical microscopy. Airy Disk. 2 . 0.61• /NA. Focusing down. NA = n•sin .

dwhitney
Download Presentation

Imaging with Waves

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Imaging with Waves

  2. How good is the eye? 100 - 50 m resolution

  3. Magnification

  4. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Seeing small things

  5. The inverted telescope

  6. Robert Hooke

  7. Seeing sharper

  8. Modern optical microscopy

  9. Airy Disk 2 0.61•/NA Focusing down NA = n•sin Resolution ~ 300 nm

  10. Ernst Abbe (1840-1905) The diffraction limit Objects spaced apart by less than d~/2NA cannot be resolved individually!

  11. Images can be improved by using shorter wavelengths Imaging with the diffraction limit Object Focal spot Image

  12. 780 nm 650 nm CD versus DVD 7x more data on DVD because of different wavelength! (Blu-Ray DVD uses 405 nm, 6x more data than DVD)

  13. UV lithography

  14. Superresolution

  15. Single molecules

  16. Seeing single molecules at work

  17. using EM radiation using particles  of particles: Seeing smaller things Electron with v = 1.0 x 105 m/s:

  18. Electron Microscopy Resolution ~ 0.2 nm

  19. Electron Microscopy

  20. Cryo-Electron Microscopy

  21. Cryo-Electron Microscopy

  22. Cryo-Electron Microscopy Viral DNA portal protein

  23. Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (1845-1923) What are X -rays? Electromagnetic radiation with wavelength of ~10-10 m

  24. Focusing or diffracting? Bragg diffraction Diffraction pattern 2d sin = n

  25. X-ray crystallography

  26. Protein structure determination X-ray crystallography reveals electron densities

  27. Protein structure determination

  28. No longer a mystery

  29. No longer a mystery DNA polymerase on the DNA backbone

More Related