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Welcome to our Short Story Unit

Welcome to our Short Story Unit. (1) Plot : The chain of events that make up a story. It shows the cause-effect relationship of events and actions within a story. . Plot Triangle. (4) Climax : An intense emotional point and where the outcome of the conflict is decided (the turning point).

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Welcome to our Short Story Unit

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  1. Welcome to ourShort Story Unit (1) Plot: The chain of events that make up a story. It shows the cause-effect relationship of events and actions within a story.

  2. Plot Triangle (4) Climax: An intense emotional point and where the outcome of the conflict is decided (the turning point). (3) Rising Action:The series of events (complications) about the conflict in the story that lead to the climax (5) Falling Action:All of the action which follows the climax (2) Exposition:The introduction of the story where setting, characters, and conflict are introduced (6) Resolution: The conclusion; the tying together of all of the threads

  3. (7) Setting • The time and place of a story. • Most often, the setting is described in the exposition (beginning) of a story. • Contributes to the plot – especially in character vs. nature conflict.

  4. (8) Mood/Atmosphere • The overall feeling of a piece of literature. • Can be described with one or two adjectives (scary, happy, sad) • Images or sounds used by the writer to create a specific feeling

  5. (9) Suspense • The uncertainty or anxiety that a reader feels about what will happen next in a story. • Suspense is created by mood, as well as the following techniques: • Foreshadowing – hints of what’s to come • Mystery – withholding information from the reader or unusual circumstances • Reversal – good to bad or bad to good • Dilemma – forced to choose between two dangerous situations

  6. (10) Conflict A struggle between opposing characters or forces Without conflict, there is no plot.

  7. (11) External Conflict: A character struggles with an outside force: Character vs. Character Character vs. Nature Character vs. Society Types of Conflict (12) Internal Conflict: A character struggles with himself or herself: Character vs. Self

  8. (13) Theme • An idea or message the writer wishes to convey about the subject; a general idea or insight about life • Most often themes are not stated directly • The reader has to think about all the elements of the work Things are not always what they seem.

  9. Types of Characters (14) Dynamic characters: Change over the course of the story (15) Static characters:Stay the same throughout the course of the story

  10. Characters include… (16) PROTAGONIST:The main character in a work of literature (17) ANTAGONIST: The character OR force opposing the main character All other characters are minor characters

  11. (18) Characterization • The way an author reveals the personality of a character • (19) Direct characterization • The author simply tells you a character’s personality • Ex. Katie is honest.

  12. (20) Indirect Characterization • The author reveals the character’s personality through: • Words of the character • Actions of the character • Thoughts and feelings of the character • Words and actions of other characters • Character’s appearance (looks and clothing)

  13. (21) Character Trait • A quality shown by a character in a story: • Tall • Short • Happy • Protective • Smart….

  14. (22) Point of View • The vantage point from which a story is told (who is telling the story) • The three most common points of view are • Third-person Omniscient • Third-person limited • First Person

  15. (23) First Person Narrator • One character tells the story using “I” • Told by a character in the story • We only know what this person knows • Information may not be reliable

  16. (24) Third-Person Limited Narrator • Tells the story through the eyes of only one character • Narrator not part of the story • Narrator focuses on thoughts and feelings of only one character

  17. (25) Third-Person Omniscient Narrator • Tells the story from an all-knowing view point • The narrator knows everything about all the characters and their thoughts, feelings, and motivations • Stands apart rather like a god

  18. (26) Foreshadowing • Hints or clues about the story’s upcoming events

  19. (27) SYMBOL • A person, place, thing or event that has meaning in itself and stands for something beyond itself • For example: When an American flag is mentioned in a story, it might mean freedom or patriotism.

  20. (28) Tone • The attitude a writer takes towards his or her subject, characters, and audience. • Examples: • Sarcastic • Encouraging • Bitter • Optimistic

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