1 / 25

IST 201

IST 201. Chapter 5. LAN Technologies. Ethernet – most widely used technology in LANS In 1970, developed and implemented by: D igital I ntel X erox IEEE 802.3 standard is based on the DIX specification. Ethernet Specifications. 802.3 – Ethernet 802.3u – FastEthernet

Download Presentation

IST 201

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. IST 201 Chapter 5

  2. LAN Technologies • Ethernet – most widely used technology in LANS • In 1970, developed and implemented by: • Digital • Intel • Xerox • IEEE 802.3 standard is based on the DIX specification.

  3. Ethernet Specifications • 802.3 – Ethernet • 802.3u – FastEthernet • 802.3z – Gigabit Ethernet (Fiber) • 802.3ab – Gigabit Ethernet (UTP) • 802.3ae – 10 Gigabit Ethernet • Layer 1 specification

  4. Media • Carries flow of information through a LAN • Operates at Layer 1 • Cat 5 UTP – primary media in Ethernet networks • NIC Ports • RJ45 • AUI – attachment unit interface • 15 pin connector • Unusual • Requires a transceiver to convert to RJ45

  5. UTP Straight Through Cable One end: ow o gw bl blw g brw br One end: ow o gw bl blw g brw br 123 4 5 6 7 8 Receive Transmit Used for:Switch  routerComputer  switchComputer  hub

  6. Crossover Cable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 One end: ow o gw bl blw g brw br One end: gw g ow bl blw o brw br 3 6 1 4 5 2 7 8 Used for:Router  routerComputer  computerComputer  routerSwitch  switchSwitch  hub

  7. Roll-over Cable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 One end: ow o gw bl blw g brw br One end: br brw g blw bl gw o ow 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

  8. Hubs • Multiport repeater • Concentrators – central connection point • Active – has power • re-generates signal & sends out all ports except receiving • Intelligent – active • microchip w/diagnostics • expensive • good for troubleshooting • Passive – no power • connection point • does not regenerate the signal

  9. 5-4-3 Rule • No more than 5 segments connect using 4 hubs • Only 3 segments can have hosts • Ensures that the signal reaches the destination within a specified time limit to avoid collisions..

  10. Wireless • RF • Infrared – req line of site • Microwaves • No wires • Mobile • Versatile • Convenient

  11. Bridges • Data link layer • Connects network segments • Builds MAC table of hosts on each segment • Filter – looks at the destination MAC address, drops the frame if the destination is on the same segment. • Flood – doesn’t have destination MAC address in the bridge table, sends out all ports except receiving one.. • Forward – picks up frame and forwards out to the correct segment

  12. Switch • Multiport bridge • Makes decisions based on MAC address • Builds MAC table (switching table) • Reduce traffic • Increase bandwidth • Filter • Flood • Forward breaks up collision domain

  13. NIC • Printed circuit board providing network connectivity • Operates @ layers 1 and 2 but it is considered a layer 2 device • MAC address

  14. Peer to Peer Networks • Computers connected to act as equal partners • No centralized administration • Ea. computer may act as a server or client to other computers • 10 or fewer • Share files • Share printers • Easy to install • Does not scale well • Security is low

  15. Client/Server • Centralized control • Common admin • Increased security • Scalable – requires authentication • Server – additional processing power RAM • Single point of failure

  16. WANs • Networks connected together over a wide geographic area. • Use serial connections • Bits of data are transmitted sequentially over a single channel • Dedicated leased lines • ISDN • DSL • Cable

  17. Leased Lines • T1 – 1.544 Mbps • T3 – 44.736 Mbps • Run PPP or Frame Relay Encapsulations • PPP – Point to Point Protocol • Frame Relay

  18. ISDN • Integrated Services Digital Network • 128 kbps • Dial on demand connections • BRI (Basic Rate Interface) • 2 B channels (64 kbps bearer channels) - data • 1 D channel (16 kbps delta channel) – signaling and link management • Typically uses PPP encapsulation.

  19. DSL • Digital Subscriber Line • 128 kbps – 6.1 Mbps • Dial-up connectivity • Uses telephone infrastructure

  20. Cable • Up to 8 Mbps (maybe higher?) • Uses existing cable tv infrastructure • Coaxial cable

  21. Router Purpose • Route packets from source to destination with a LAN • Provide connectivity from the LAN to the WAN. • Segments a network into subnetworks • Breaks up broadcast domains.

  22. Router WAN Serial Ports • V.35 connectors • DTE (data terminal equipment) – on the customer side of the connection • DCE (data circuit-terminating equipment) on the ISP side. • Provides clock rate • CSU/DSU – channel service unit/data service unit • Another device that provides clocking with a direct connection.

  23. Configuring the Router • Need management connection • Roll-over cable/console cable • Connects serial port of computerusing DB9 to RJ45 transceiver to Console port (RJ45) on the router • Terminal emulation software • Hyperterminal w/these settings on the COM port • 9600 bps • 8 data bits • No parity • 1 stop bit • None

  24. Console v. Auxiliary Port • Console port is used for initial router configuration • Console management connection is between a pc and the router console port. • Management via a modem connection is possible for configuration changes. • Modem is connected to the auxiliary port

  25. Cisco 2500 Router • DB-15 port • Requires a transceiver to convert to a Ethernet port (RJ45)

More Related