Decontamination and Infection Control

1. Decontamination and Infection Control By: Cathy Dewberry-Green

2. Objectives • Explain and Understand the importance of decontamination • Explain the difference between sanitation, disinfection, and sterilization • Discuss how to safely handle and use disinfectant products • Describe which cleaners, equipment and disinfectants are useful for salons • Define universal precautions and know your responsibilities as salon professional

3. Introduction • A clean salon gives a good impression to the client • If proper care is not taken, you could contribute to the spread of disease • Disease-causing germs will be the biggest enemy in your salon

4. Contaminated- Dirty Full of germs Decontamination- Removing pathogens and other substances from tools or surfaces Prevention and Control

5. Objective #1 • If you can explain the importance of decontamination in the salon you have mastered objective #1

6. Three Main Levels of Decontamination

7. Sterilization • Sterilization is the most effective type of decontamination against microbes • Even kills bacteria spores • Steam autoclave and dry heat • It is a multi-step process • Time consuming and difficult • It is not practical for the beauty salon

8. Disinfection • Provides the level of protection needed in the salon by killing most organisms. • Disinfectants are substances that kill microbes on contaminated tools and other nonporous surfaces. • They are not for use on human skin, hair or nails • They are serious professional strength products

9. Safety • Read labels before using-Any professional salon product can be dangerous if used incorrectly

10. VIP • All disinfectants must be approved by the EPA-Environmental Protection Agency • All disinfectant’s label must have an EPA registration number • Federal law requires manufacturers an information sheet called MSDS-material safety data sheet

11. OSHA • The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is part of the department of Labor that regulates and enforces safety and health standards in the workplace. • The OSHA Act of 1970-regulates employee exposure to toxic substances and informs the employee of toxic and dangerous substances in the workplace.

12. Your Professional Responsibility • Protect yourself • Protect your client • Protect your safety • Protect your craft and profession

13. OSHA • This Act is important to cosmetologists because of the nature of the chemicals we use, for storing, mixing, and disposal of chemicals

14. Hospital Disinfectants • To meet salon requirements, a disinfectant must be effective against bacteria, fungi, and viruses

15. Types of Disinfectants • There are several types of salon disinfectants • QUATS-Quaternary Ammonium Compounds are safe and fast acting • Most quats disinfect in 10 to 15 minutes

16. Types of Disinfectants • Phenols are another type of disinfectant used in the salon • They are used mostly on metal instruments • Phenols can cause skin irritation • Extremely poisonous

17. Alcohol, Bleach and Commercial Cleaners Ethyl and isopropyl are used in the salon for disinfecting Ethyl Alcohol must be 70% to be effective Isopropyl must be 99%

18. Bleach • Household bleach sodium hypochlorite is not designed for disinfecting salon implements. • Products such as Pine Sol, and Lysol can be used on the floors, and in the bathrooms, sinks and waste receptacles but should not be used on salon implements.

19. Ultrasonic Cleaners • Use high frequency waves to create bubbles in liquids. • They must be used with a disinfectant to be effective

20. Safety Precautions • USE CAUTION-wear gloves when mixing • Keep Away from Children • Use tongs when removing implements • Never pour quats or phenols over your hands • Never place in unmarked containers

21. CAUTION • In the past, formalin was recommended as a disinfectant and fumigant. It is not safe for salon use. • The gas released from formalin tablets is called formaldehyde. It is a suspected human cancer-causing agent. It is poisonous to inhale and is irritating to eyes, nose, throat, and lungs.

22. Other Surfaces • It is important to disinfect all surfaces : • Combs, brushes, scissors, razors, nippers, electrodes, counter tops, foot baths, door knobs, finger bowls, telephones, and cash registers • To properly disinfect: • 1. clean with suitable cleaner • 2. Apply disinfectant • 3. Leave wet for at least 10 minutes • 4. Dry

23. Sanitation • The lowest level of decontamination • Significantly reduce the number of pathogens • Salon tools are sanitized with soaps or detergents • May still harbor pathogens

24. Antiseptics • Can kill bacteria or slow their growth, they are not disinfectants • They are not adequate for use on instruments and surfaces

25. Universal Precautions • Some people have diseases such as Hepatitis B Virus but they are asymptomatic-they have no symptoms or signs of infection • Because not all clients with infectious diseases can be identified the same infection control practices should be used with all clients-Universal Precautions

26. Infection Control • Hand washing • Gloves • Safety glasses