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Mind the Gap! The Perspectives of EU-RF Cross-Border Cooperation. Christer Pursiainen & Marina Cherkovets Russian-European Centre for Economic Policy, Moscow Presentation at the “RUSSIA’S EUROPEAN CHOICE?” CONFERENCE Helsinki, 12th November 2004
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Mind the Gap!The Perspectives of EU-RF Cross-Border Cooperation Christer Pursiainen & Marina Cherkovets Russian-European Centre for Economic Policy, Moscow Presentation at the “RUSSIA’S EUROPEAN CHOICE?” CONFERENCE Helsinki, 12th November 2004 Finnish Institute of International Affairs
Two models • Traditional state-centric model • Postmodernist model
Traditional state-centric model • State defends its autonomy • Border as a barrier
Postmodernist model • Globalization & regionalisation • Transnational regionalisation • Border as a contact point
Cooperation and conflict • In a state-centric model both cooperation (economic, cultural etc.) and conflict (military security) • In a post-modernist model both cooperation and conflict • Cooperation: beside states, other actors (regions and local administrations, businesses, civil societies) act independently in the field of economy, politics, culture etc. • Conflict: soft security (socio-economic problems, environmental problems, infectious deceases, organized crime etc.)
EU-RF border • The question: what is the trend? • Towards “inter-state EU-RF border” (barrier)? • Towards “post-modernist border (contact point)?
The EU-RF border as a barrier • Socio-economic dividing line
2001 Human Development Index for countries and regions located in the EU-RF cross-border area
The EU-RF border as a barrier • Socio-economic dividing line • Shengen border • Visa practices • Bureaucratic practices • Protectionism • Problems in general EU-RF relations • Russia’s centralization • Soft security threats as a source of conflict
The EU-RF border as a contact point The factors enhancing the contact function • Growing transregional trade • Growing tourism and personal cross-border contacts • Growing transnational NGO activities • The idea of four EU-RF “common spaces” (CEES, internal security, external security; culture, science and education) • The EU’s and other organizations’ (NCM, AC, BEAC) regional programmes (INTERREG etc.) • Soft security threats as a source of cooperation